Muscles
What are the three components of the sternum?
The manubrium, the corpus, and Xiphoid or Ensiform process
What is pleural linkage?
Pleural linkage is the mechanism in which the lungs are "linked" to the thoracic wall. This allows the movement of the rib cage to be transmitted to the lungs
What is this called?
Image 6
Alveoli
The Ilium, sacrum, pubic bone, ischium, and sacroiliac joints
What is the major muscle of inhalation and it's funciton?
External intercostals and lifting the rib cage upward and outward by "fixing" the upper rib and raising the lower one.
The head, neck, tubercle, shaft, and angle are all components of what?
A rib
What structure takes up the majority of the thoracic cavity?
The lungs
What are these three parts of the Upper Respiratory System called?
Image 5
Oral cavity, Nasal Cavity, and pharyngeal Cavity.
What is the name of the Feathered serpent in Aztec Mythology?
What are the three divisions of the diaphragm?
Aortic hiatus, esophageal hiatus, and the foramen vena cava
Cervical (C1-C7)
Thoracic (T1-T12)
Lumbar (L1-L15)
Sacral
Coccyx
Where can parietal and visceral pleura be found?
The parietal pleura can be found on the inner surface of the thoracic cavity, also including the diaphragm. the visceral pleura can be found on the outer surface of the lungs.
What is this called?
Image 3
Mainstem Bronchi
This is the most protected region of the body, primarily containing the heart, but also the trachea, major blood vessels, nerves, thymus gland, lymph node, and the esophagus.
The mediastinum
What are the three roles of abdominal muscles?
1. Felxor of vertebral column
2. Enclose and support abdominal contents
3. During respiration, displaces the abdominal contents and increases abdominal as well as drawing the ribs down
What are the openings in the sacral vertebrae called and what is their function?
Sacral foramina provide passage for the sacral nerves
What is Boyle's law and how does it apply in regards to inhalation and exhalation?
In a container, Pressure, and volume are inversely related to each other. Our lungs are that container, as we inhale our lung volume expands and the pressure decreases, causing air to flow into our lungs. When we exhale, our lung volume decreases and pressure increases causing gas to leave as it flows out.
What are the names of these lobes?
Image 4
Superior Lobe, Middle lobe, and inferior lobe
During inhalation the thoracic cavity expands in what three dimensions?
Vertical dimensions, Transverse dimensions, and anterior/posterior dimensions.
List and label 2 out of the 4 major muscles required for exhalation
Rectus Abdominus, External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transverse Abdominis
Describe the three classes of ribs
True ribs (1-7) directly attach to the sternum
False ribs (8-10) attach to ribs through cartilage
Floating Ribs (11-12) have no attachment to sternum and no cartilaginous features
The respiratory pathway from the nose to the bronchi is lined with tall columnar epithelial that beats more than 1,000 times per minute helping trap pollutants. What is this structure called?
Cilia
What structure divides the upper and lower respiratory passages?
The Larynx
How many times larger are the Blue Whales lungs compared to human lungs?
The Blue Whales Lungs are approximately 1,000 times larger than the average humans lungs