Cellular Respiration
The reason cells use cellular respiration
To get energy in the form of ATP
Where cellular respiration happens. Like a power plant
Mitochondria
The first step in either aerobic or anaerobic respiration
Glycolysis
The number of phosphates in an ATP molecule
3
The part of aerobic cellular respiration in which CO2 is generated (along with electron carries and some ATP)
Kreb's Cycle
The gel-like substance that fills a cell up on the inside
Cytoplasm
A squirrel needs to breathe oxygen or it will die, meaning that it is this type of organism
(options: Obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, aerotolerant anaerobe, facultative anaerobe)
When this molecule is removed from ATP, it causes a RELEASE of energy
Phosphate
A complex of proteins in the inner membrane of the mitochondria that pump hydrogen ions across the membrane to create a concentration gradient.
Electron Transport Chain
Attached to the nucleus and moves proteins around like a highway. Has a smooth part and a rough part
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Yeast can switch between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, meaning it is this type of organism..
(options: Obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, aerotolerant anaerobe, facultative anaerobe)
Facultative anaerobe
ATP has this kind of energy
options: Kinetic, potential, nuclear, physical
Potential
The specific reason oxygen is necessary in aerobic respiration.
It is the final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain
Needed to continue hydrogen ion pump and maintain gradient
What are two things a eukaryotic cell has that a prokaryotic cell does not have
- Membrane-bound organelles
- Nucleus that contains the DNA
- Larger size
The bacterium Streptomyces dies if it is exposed to oxygen, meaning it is this type of organism:
(options: Obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, aerotolerant anaerobe, facultative anaerobe)
Obligate anaerobe
This molecules can be turned into ATP through cellular respiration
ADP
How the proton gradient within the mitochondria is able to generate ATP
H+ flows from high to low concentration, channeled through ATP Synthase
What are 2 features of a plant cell that an animal cell does not have?
- Cell wall
- Chloroplasts
- Large central vacuole
What are two possible outputs of fermentation that are NOT outputs of aerobic respiration?
- Ethanol
- Lactic Acid
The reason ATP is compared to a rechargeable battery
Example: It holds potential chemical energy.
ADP can be "charged up" into ATP by adding a phosphate group