Respiratory Volumes
The manner in which air enters and exits the lungs.
Ventilation
The portion of the brain containing the respiratory centre.
The medulla oblongata
The passive phase of breathing.
Expiration
Paired, cone-shaped organs that lie on either side of the heart within the thoracic cavity.
Lungs
This is lost when air is exhaled.
CO2
The tool that measures the amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath.
Spirometer
Inspiration
When air is expelled, what keeps the lungs from collapsing?
Residual volume
The opening at the top of the larynx.
Glottis
These consist of alveoli surrounded by an extensive capillary network.
The Lungs
The small amount of air that moves in and out with each breath during a state of rest or relaxation, only about 500mL.
Tidal Volume
This muscle contracts to increase thoracic cavity size to cause the lungs to expand.
Diaphragm
The movement of gases between blood and the alveoli and the systemic capillaries.
External and internal respiration
The funnel-shaped passageway that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx.
Pharynx
This carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the alveoli.
Pulmonary Arteriole
The amount of air that remains in the lungs after exhaling, about 1000mL.
Residual Volume
The primary stimuli that directly cause the respiratory centre to activate breathing.
Carbon dioxide and H+ ions
Expiration occurs due to lack of stimulation from the respiratory centre to which muscle?
Diaphragm
The mucosal folds supported by elastic ligaments stretched across the glottis. Air passes through the glottis to produce sound.
Vocal Cords
This carries oxygenated blood from the alveoli to the heart.
Pulmonary venule
The maximum volume of air that can be moved in plus the maximum amount that can be moved out during a single breath.
Vital Capacity
When the concentration of oxygen in blood decreases, these communicate with the brain to increase breathing rate and depth.
Carotid and Aortic Bodies
The increase of this in the thoracic cavity helps expel air.
Intrapleural pressure
The branched divisions of the trachea that lead to the right and left lungs.
The Bronchial Tree, Bronchi
A secretion that plays a key role keeping the alveoli open by reducing surface tension.
Surfactant