Open Circ.
Blood is pumped into a cavity called...
Hemocoel
Is blood separate from interstitial fluid? TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
O2 and CO2 enter/exit through openings called...
Spiracles
This structure helps filter, warm, and moisten air before it reaches the lungs, and is located just behind the nasal cavity.
Pharynx
White blood cells are called:
Leukocytes
What openings does the hemocoel return to the heart through after bathing the organs
Ostia
Where is the closed circulatory system found in?
ALL vertebrates
O2 and CO2 travel through air filled tubes called..
Tracheae
The functional units of the lungs, where gas exchange takes place is _____.
Alveoli
Which white blood cell releases heparin and histamine?
Basophils
When blood and interstitial fluid is combined, what is that called...
Hemolymph
Blood is contained within _____ and circulates unidirectionally from the heart
Blood vessels
This type of gas exchange occurs when blood flows through the gills in the opposite direction to the water, maintaining a concentration gradient to promote diffusion.
counter-current gas exchange
This dome shaped muscle plays a key role in breathing by contracting to allow the lungs to expand and fill with air.
Diaphragm
Cell mediated immunity is an _____ immune response and relies on _____.
Adaptive/T cells
Humans and all other vertebrates have an open circulatory system. True or False?
False
This muscular chamber pumps blood through the closed circulatory system and is typically developed in vertebrates
Heart
This flap like structure prevents food from entering the trachea when swallowing
Epiglottis
When reading blood pressure, ______ is the bottom number and reflects pressure on the blood vessels when the heart is ______
Diastole/relaxing
Antigen-Presenting cells present antigens to _____, which activates the adaptive immune response.
Helper T cells
Where is the open circulatory system mostly found in?
Invertebrates
This class of animals has a double looped circulatory system with a four chambered heart
Mammals
Unique system of _____ and _____ allow for a nearly continuous, unidirectional movement of oxygen rich air
air sacs and parabronchi
During inhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing:
The volume in the thoracic cavity to increase, and the pressure to decrease
Receiving a vaccine with a weakened or dead version of a virus, what will prompt production of antibodies is an example of what type of immunity?
Artificially acquired active immunity