A&P
This heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
What is the left atrium?
This heart sound is the loudest at the apex.
What is S1?
This normal breath sound is heard over most of the lung periphery and has a soft, rustling quality.
What are vescicular breath sounds?
Name two pulse points located on the lower extremities.
What are the femoral OR popliteal OR posterior tibial pulses OR dorsalis pedis (pedal)?
The nurse is palpating radial pulses. The right pulse is weak and thready, while the left pulse is strong and difficult to occlude. How would she document this finding?
This term describes the abnormal condition where the anteroposterior (AP) to lateral chest ratio is 1:1 instead of 1:2. Often seen in patients with COPD or emphysema.
What is barrel chest?
The normal intrinsic heart rate ranges for the SA node, AV node, and Purkinje fibers.
ALL 3 correct.
What are 60-100, 40-60, 20-40.
three signs of respiratory distress are:
What are accessory muscle use OR tripoding OR nasal flaring OR sternal retractions OR grunting OR frequent sighing.
The nurse is unable to palpate a client's pedal pulse. What is the next step?
What is Doppler ultrasound?
The nurse is auscultating the carotid arteries and hears "normal findings". What does the nurse document?
What are "no bruits noted".
The five classic signs of an acute arterial occlusion include pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, and this late-stage symptom.
What is paralysis?
This term refers to chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. Usually resolves with rest.
What is angina?
This type of lung sound is caused by fluid in the airways and can sound like crackling, popping, or bubbling.
What are crackles/rales?
A patient with edema, thickened skin, and brown discoloration on the lower legs likely has this venous condition.
What is chronic venous insufficiency?
The nurse is auscultating lung sounds on a patient diagnosed with pleuritis and notes a grating, leather-like sound. He would document this finding as:
What is a pleural friction rub.
Provide 3 characteristics of lower extremities on a patient with known arterial insufficiency.
What are cool OR decreased pedal pulses OR red/shiny OR hairless OR arterial ulcers OR intermittent claudication OR pain with rest.
A murmur is caused by:
What is turbulent flow across a valve or chamber inside the heart?
This low-pitched, snoring-like sound is often heard over larger airways and may clear with coughing.
What is rhonchi?
Provide 2 characteristics of arterial ulcers.
What are lower legs and at the end of toes (usually), OR Regular, even, wound borders OR pale ulcer bed OR painful OR minimal bleeding.
Orthostatic blood pressure is determined by a change of ______ in systolic blood pressure or a change of ______ diastolic blood pressure.
What are 20 mmHg and 10 mmHg?
What are 2 causes of tracheal deviation?
What is tension pneumothorax OR cancer/masses/growths in the chest OR large pleural effusion OR significant goiter (enlarged thyroid)
List 3 areas of pain distribution seen with a myocardial infarction OTHER than the chest.
What are upper back, right OR left arm, jaw, epigastric.
This condition is characterized by difficulty breathing when lying flat and improves when sitting up.
What is orthopnea?
What are 2 assessment findings of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
what are unilateral swelling OR calf/knee pain OR erythema.
The nurse is caring for a patient with variable respirations alternating between periods of apnea and relatively equal periods of deep, rapid breathing. He would document this as what breathing pattern?
What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?
Ataxic: completely irregular, with varying depths of respiration and periods of apnea.
Kussmaul: rapid, deep respirations and is seen in metabolic acidosis, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. No apnea.