Kill it!
Treat streptococcal pneumonia with this first line drug class if the microorganism is not a resistant type.
Penicillin
You may drink a beverage containing this every morning, but did you know that this drug reverses bronchospasm and prevents bronchial asthma symptoms?
Caffeine
This drug class affects inflammation with the hope of reversing the pulmonary tract inflammation at a local level, and must be inhaled.
Inhaled Steroids such as beclomethasone (Qvar), budesonide (Pulmacort), or fluticasone (Flovent).
This drug is a first line treatment for TB, but it cannot be given if the patient already takes Dilantin, or is an alcohol abuser or on Antabuse.
Isoniazid
Once daily LABA for treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with COPD; used for maintenance in adults and children with asthma.
tiotropium (Spivera)
Doxycline or third generation cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone are the first choice in treating pneumonia from this organism
Haemophilus influenzae
This bronchodilator is an oldie but a goodie, used as adjuvant therapy to inhaled beta 2 selective agonists and systemically administer corticosteroids for the treatment of ecute exacerbation of airflow obstruction.
Aminophylline
The anticholinergic drugs such as ipratoropium (Atrovent), tiotropium (Spivera), aclidinium (Pressair), ect. can be used to treat bronchospasm in clients with COPD and are slower acting; usually used for maintenance treatment.
Anticholinergics
The Mantoux method is used to determine whether a person has been infected with TBbacillus and is used widely for screening of latent M. tuberculosis infection. The extract used for PPD is_________.
Tubercle bacillus extract or Tuberculin
Two drugs approved for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
Pirfenidone (Esbriet) and nintedanib (Ofev)
This is a commonly prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotic that is also a Legionella and Pertussis killer
Azithromycin
Used in for therapy in COPD to reverse bronchospasm. It has a narrow therapuetic window of effectiveness and must be carefully monitored to prevent toxicity. The traditional therapuetic range for adults is 5-15ug/mL. Toxic levels are >/= 20.
Theophylline
Bronchodilators
The client taking this medication must be warned about the side effect of orange urine and body secretions.
Rifampin
These drugs are used to replace the surfactant that is missing in the lungs of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome as a rescue and prophylactic treatment.
Lung surfactants: Survanta, Infasurf, and Curosurf
Tough to kill invasive fungal pneumonia is frequently treated over weeks with this side effect ridden drug sometimes referred to as the "Shake and Bake drug" because it requires premedication to prevent high fever and rigors during infusion.
Amphotericin B
Treatment and prevention for exercise induced bronchospasm. Also frequently coined "rescue inhaler", and can be administered via nebulizer as well.
Albuterol
This drug was approved by the FDA in 2003 for the treatment of alpha1-protease deficiency. This is a chronic hereditary autosomal-dominant disorder that presents as a progressive sever emphysema, usually in a person of a young age of 30's- 40's. The drug is administered IV once per week over 15 minutes, usually in an infusion center.
Enzyme Therapy: Zemaira
This vaccine is widely used in Europe and Latin America, but not in the United States
Bacille Calmette-Guerin or BCG vaccine
Add on treatments used for patients with moderate to severe asthma, and include drugs such as Dupixent, Nucala, and Xolair.
Immune modulators
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is treated with macrolides in combination with _________ or tetracyclines such as docycycline.
ampicillin and sulbactam
Drug of choice for treatment of acute bronchospasm and given for emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
Epinephrine
These drugs mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system and dilate the bronchi with increased rate and depth of respiration.
Sympathomimetics
Also considered a first line drug to treat TB, but has the potential to cause optic neuritis and may lead to blindness!
Ethambutol
These drugs have the added benefit of being from different classes for the treatment COPD and Asthma and have helped improve patient compliance to therapy. They include the follwing: Advair Diskus, Symbacort, Breo Ellipta, Trelegy Ellipta.
Fixed combination respiratory drugs