All reptillian respiratory systems are similar. True or false?
False. There is no single model for a reptilian respiratory system.
200
How many air sacs do birds usually have?
7 or 9
200
How do worms breathe?
Through their skin.
200
What is the operculum?
The operculum is a flap, which covers the gills and is the site for entering and leaving water.
300
Describe the journey of air to the capillaries
nostrils or mouth to pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, capillaries
300
What are 3 examples of reptiles in Hawaii? Which one is least common?
Lizards, snakes, and turtles. Snakes are least common.
300
How many respiratory cycles does a bird have?
2
300
How do worms stay moist.
Produce a mucous and they live in moist, damp, soils.
300
Gas exchange is counter current. Explain what this is.
The oxygen rich water flows in one direction and the blood flows in the other
400
Name 3 common mammals native to Hawaii.
Dolphin, whale, monk seal.
400
Name 2 similarities between reptiles and humans.
1. Both have ribs and intercostal muscles
2. Share equivalent structures such as the to mammalian bronchioles = intrapulmonary bronchi of reptiles, mammalian alveolar channels = tubular channels and mammalian alveoli (spherical structure) = reptilian aedicules (oblong structure)
3. Two types of epithelial cells are secreted on the lungs to make surfactant
400
Why is a birds respiratory system more efficient than a humans?
In birds, more oxygen is diffused per breath.
400
How are worms and humans similar?
Gas exchange involves intake of oxygen, and exhalation of carbon dioxide.
400
What are 2 examples of fish native to Hawaii?
Angelfish, butterfly fish, goby.
500
In the alveoli sacs, what do special cells secrete? and what is its purpose?
Surfactant- decreases surface tension of water, therefore alveoli can be kept moist and avoid adhesion during exhalation.
500
Name the 3 types of lungs in reptiles.
Multicameral, paucicameral, unicameral.
500
Why do birds need an extremely efficient respiratory system ?
Extreme energy demands of flying, especially at high altitudes where oxygen is low.
500
Why must worms live in moist environments, and produce mucous?
For gas exchange to occur, the gas must dissolve in a liquid. So in order for a worm to breathe their skin must be moist.
500
Why can fish have exposed respiratory systems?
They are always surrounded by liquid. No threat of desiccation.