Side Effects
Indications
Special Considerations
Mechanism of Action
Function Facts
100
Restlessness, Palpitations, Dysrhythmias
What are side effects of bronchodilators?
100
Your client presents with a barrel chest and is using accessory muscles for breathing. The physician prescribes a bronchodilator, and the client is to start on corticosteroids. The most likely diagnosis for this client is this.
What is COPD?
100
Exhale completely, inhale medication, hold medication for 10 seconds, wait one minute in between each puff, rinse mouth after use.
What is the correct use of an inhaler?
100
This class of medication decreases naso-pharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and bronchial secretions by blocking H1 receptors.
What are antihistamines?
100
Provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
What is the primary function of the respiratory system
200
Side effects of this medication include mouth and tongue irritation, and thrush.
What are inhaled corticosteroids?
200
A 10 year old boy presents with restlessness, wheezing, and diminished lung sounds. You anticipate that you will administer this medication.
What is albuterol?
200
This device prevents medication from depositing in the mouth and assures it reaches the lungs by slowing the delivery from pressurized MDIs.
What is a spacer?
200
These medications dilate the airways, making air exchange easier.
What are bronchodilators?
200
This condition is marked by airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness to a variety of stimuli or triggers.
What is asthma?
300

This alpha-adrenergic agonist is used as a topical nasal decongestant and, if used longer than 3 days, may cause rebound congestion.

What is oxymetazoline?

300
Your client on a med surg unit has a moist, productive cough. The first-year resident prescribes Codeine as treatment. You know that the preferred treatment for a productive cough is this class of medication.
What are expectorants?
300
When Dorothy fell asleep in the poppy field, this class of medication would have reversed the Wicked Witch's spell.
What are opioid antagonists?
300
These act as anti-inflammatory agents to reduce airway edema.
What are glucocorticoids?
300
The pressure caused when the diaphragm descends into the abdominal cavity during inspiration.
What is negative pressure?
400

This intranasal corticosteroid reduces inflammation in the nasal passages and is commonly used for allergic rhinitis—but patients should be taught to rinse their mouth after use to prevent irritation or thrush.

What is fluticasone?

400
A client is admitted to the hospital with productive cough lasting 2 months, night sweats, and fever. The physician orders that he be placed a negative pressure room and to start rifampin. Based on this information you know that the client has this condition.
What is active TB infection?
400

Anticholinergic medications such as diphenhydramine should be avoided in clients with this condition.

What is narrow-angle glaucoma?

400
These act on the cough control center in the medulla, used for non-productive, irritating cough.
What are antitussives?
400
A phospholipid protein that reduces the surface tension in the alveoli.
What is surfactant?
500

This bronchodilator has a narrow therapeutic index and requires regular blood level monitoring due to the risk of toxicity—symptoms may include nausea, tremors, and arrhythmias.

What is theophylline?

500
This classification of medication can also be used to prevent and treat motion sickness.
What are antihistamines?
500

This anticholinergic bronchodilator is used for COPD and asthma maintenance and may cause dry mouth—patients with a peanut allergy should use caution due to potential cross-reactivity with the inhaler propellant.

What is ipratropium?

500

This mucolytic works by breaking disulfide bonds in respiratory secretions, thinning mucus for easier airway clearance—and also acts as an antidote by restoring glutathione in acetaminophen overdose.

What is acetylcysteine?

500

This leukotriene receptor antagonist is taken orally once daily to prevent asthma symptoms and allergic rhinitis—but it is not effective for acute asthma attacks and has been linked to rare neuropsychiatric side effects like mood changes.

What is montelukast?

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