Diseases
inflammation of the mucus membrane lining the sinuses
sinusitis
what is the function of the epiglottis?
to cover the opening of the larynx when swallowing
what is located behind the nasal cavities and contains the adenoids?
nasopharynx
what are the lungs responsible for?
air exchange and distribution
define thoracentesis
the withdrawal of fluid with a needle
caused by a disorder in the respiratory control center of the brain
central sleep apnea
warms, moistens, filters air
what divides the nasal cavity into two?
the nasal septum
what membrane surrounds the lungs?
pleura
list the sections of the pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
the disease which causes a drop in blood oxygen levels
sleep apnea
function of pleural fluid?
lubricate the two layers of the pleura
what part of the pharynx receives both air and food?
oropharynx
located at the terminal end of the bronchioles
alveoli
what controls the respiratory system?
medulla oblongata
when alveolar walls deteriorate and lose elasticity, causing permanent enlargement of the alveoli sacs
emphysema
define cellular respiration
process by which cells use oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water and carbon dioxide
which duct drains tears from the eyes into the nose?
nasolacrimal duct
composed of single layer of epithelial tissue, located in the alveoli
pulmonary capillaries
what prevents the alveoli from collapsing?
list the four diseases caused by smoking
COPD, lung cancer, emphysema, bronchitis
what is the function of the diaphragm?
contracts to allow the lungs to expand and deflate
what is another term for nostrils?
nares
what holds the trachea open?
16-20 rigid, C-shaped, cartilages
list the cycle of airflow in order
nose, nasopharynx, oroparynx, laryngopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, (lungs), alveoli