Anatomy
The respiratory system is composed of three major bodily structures: the trachea, diaphragm, and two large pink organs. This pair of organs are known as what?
the lungs
The body is very reliant on the compound oxygen for an array of daily functions. One of the respiratory system's primary function is to take in this oxygen so it can be transferred into the blood. There are two locations in which air can enter and leave the respiratory system and be transported to the lungs. These two locations are known to us as what?
the mouth (oral cavity) and the nose (nasal cavity)
This is a chronic disease that causes intermittent inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes. This can cause symptoms of shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing. Patients with this disease often carry an inhaler around to ease the side effects of an asthma flare. What is this disease?
asthma
The lungs are different sizes to accommodate the heart. Which one is larger?
right
Oxygen enters the respiratory system to be transferred into the bloodstream. What is transferred out of the bloodstream into the lungs to be removed from the body.
carbon dioxide
When you breathe in, your chest expands. It is common for people to believe this is caused by the lungs filling up with air, but it is actually do to a structure inferior to the lungs contracting and moving lower in order to enlarge the thoracic cavity. What is this structure called?
the diaphragm
What other system does the respiratory system work with to transport oxygen throughout the body?
the circulatory system
This progressive, genetic disease affects secreted fluid in the lung's passageways causing the fluid to become thick, clogging up tubes instead of lubricating them. This makes it severely difficult to breathe and leads to a whole array of other complications, making it a life-threatening disease. Patients with this disease are often extremely lonely due to isolation from harmful agents. What is this disease? hint* a movie was recently released about it
cystic fibrosis
The lungs are the only organ that will ____ when put in water? what word belongs in the blank?
float
What does the prefix pulmo- mean?
lung
As air enters your body through the oral or nasal cavity and makes its way through the pharynx the throat eventually separates into two pathways: the esophagus, which will carry food to the stomach, and another tube that will carry oxygen rich air to the lungs. This tube is known as?
the trachea
the pharynx leads both food and air (at different times) down the same passageway before two separate pathways open up: the trachea, which takes air to the lungs, and the esophagus, which takes food to the stomach. To prevent choking, there's a small barrier that remains closed over the trachea as food is being swallowed. When you breathe the trachea remains open. This barrier is known as what?
the epiglottis
This disease affects the bronchial tubes causing their lining to become inflamed. Symptoms of this disease include coughing, production of mucus, and chest discomfort. It can be chronic or acute depending on the cause. The cause of acute _____ is viral infection and the cause of chronic ______ is most commonly due to smoking or air pollution/toxic chemicals in environment. What is this disease?
bronchitis
Lung cancer is caused by carcinogens in ________. What word belongs in the blank?
tobacco and/or cigarette smoke
The respiratory system is located in a bodily cavity. What is this cavity?
thoracic cavity
This structure holds the vocal chords that allow us to talk. It lies in between the epiglottis and trachea and is also known as the voice box. What is the name of this structure?
the larynx
The diffusion of oxygen into the bloodstream and waste gas such as carbon dioxide out of the bloodstream (pulmonary diffusion) takes place inside tiny air sacs located at the end of bronchioles. The sacs that are responsible for this function are known as what?
alveoli
People with this disease have air sacs in their lungs (alveoli) that are damaged, eventually causing the inner walls of the air sacs to weaken and rupture. This creates one large air sac instead of multiple, reducing the lung's surface area and in result the amount of oxygen transported into the bloodstream causing patients have progressive shortness of breath. The main cause of this disease is long-term exposure to airborne irritants like tobacco and marijuana smoke. What is this disease?
emphysema
Oxygen deficit blood enters the lungs from the heart. What artery does this blood come from?
right and left pulmonary artery
In order to make sure that the lungs are getting enough oxygen, doctors will perform a procedure when an object obstructs someone's upper airway. This procedure requires doctors to make an incision in the trachea so that air can easily flow through. What is this procedure?
tracheotomy
As air enters a lung it travels through a tube known as the (right or left) bronchus and then through smaller tubes called _________ before entering the alveolar ducts that carry air into the alveoli for diffusion into the bloodstream. These smaller tubes that branch off from the bronchus are known as what?
the bronchioles
Each lung is enclosed in a thin membrane that protects it and secretes fluid that allows each lung to easily slide against the chest cavity during inhalation and exhalation? what is this membrane?
the pleura
This common disease is an infection of one or both lungs that causes the patients air sacs to become inflamed and possible fluid build up. This disease can be life-threatening in infants but very curable and preventable in adults. Symptoms include chest pain when you breathe or cough, fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, and nausea. This disease is caused by many different kinds of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the air and is classified by the type of germs that caused it and where you got the infection. What is this disease?
pneumonia
People who breathe through their mouth tend to have more illnesses, ear infections, and sore throats. Why is breathing through your mouth make you more susceptible to illness than breathing through your nose?
What is the study of lung diseases called?
pulmonology