Lungs
List 3 adventitious lung sounds and what conditions would cause them.
Crackles: pneumonia, pulmonary edema, HR,
Wheezing: asthma
Rhonchi: COPD; Bronchitis
Pericardial Friction Rub: Pleuritis
Strido: Upper resp obstruction
Rhinitis medicamentosa is a common side effect in patients who take what types of medications?
Topical nasal decongestants (phenylephrine and oxymetazoline)
Barrel Chest
A patient is experiencing an asthma attack. What type of medication is the preferred intervention?
Quick beta-adrenergic medications are the first used to relieve airway obstruction (albuterol, levalbuterol)
pg. 635
What time of day is best for the nurse to collect a sputum specimen?
Early morning, before the patient eats or drinks food, to avoid contamination
The nurse places both hands laterally across the back of the patient's rib cage and asks the patient to say "ninety-nine." What is this term called, and why is it done?
Tactile Fremitus assessment provides valuable information on lung tissue density and the presence of abnormalities.
Upon assessment, the nurse notices a fiery red pharyngeal membrane and tonsils, lymphoid follicles that are swollen and flecked with white-purple exudate, fever, and tender cervical lymph nodes.
What condition does she suspect the patient to have? What treatment would the doctor prescribe?
Acute Pharyngitis (strep throat)
What priority assessment should the nurse obtain for the postoperative tonsillectomy patient?
Assess for hemorrhage/bleeding: S/S include increased pulse, fever, and restlessness.
Name 2 common names for the treatment of Pulmonary TB (tuberculosis)
Isoniazid
Rifampin
(know side effects, and nursing considerations)
What instructions should the nurse provide to the patient using a corticosteroid inhaler?
Rinse the mouth out with water to prevent thrush.
Name of surgical procedure for the removal of a lobe of the lung.
Lobectomy
This condition causes the patient to experience hoarseness and aphonia (loss of voice)
Provide 1 teaching instruction for this patient.
Laryngititis; rest voice, avoid irritants (smoking), cool/cold compress, increase fluids
This type of pneumonia develops 48 hours or more after being hospitalized
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
A patient has a tracheostomy tube in place; the nurse should assess cuff pressure how often?
At least every 8 hours
What education would the nurse provide to a patient about why a PFT is needed?
the elasticity and expandability of the lungs
List 3 risk factors for OSA.
Obesity
Male gender
Advanced Age
Postmenopausal women
HTN
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation
What oxygen device is the most reliable and accurate method for delivering a precise concentration of oxygen through non-invasive means?
Venturi
15L/min
This abnormal breathing pattern is associated with heart failure and damage to the respiratory center, characterized by increased rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea.
Cheyne-Stokes
Which patient is at the highest risk of developing chronic pharyngitis?
A. Patient with GERD
B. Patient with diabetes
C. Patient who smokes and drinks alcohol
D. Patient who eats spicy Mexican foods
C
Hallmark pathology of this diagnosis includes bronchial mucus plugging of the lungs, liver pancreas caused by an autosomal recessive disease.
Cystic Fibrosis
A patient is prescribed Prednisone for for treatment of asthma. What nursing instructions should be given for this medication?
Take medication as prescribed
Take the last dose before 2 pm to avoid sleep disturbances
Will include increased appetite, monitoring blood glucose if diabetic, mood, fluid retention, and weight gain
What should the nurse do for the patient experiencing epistaxis?
Instruct the patient to tilt their head forward and apply pressure; pack with gauze or cotton tampon is necessary.