Anatomy & Function
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
alveoli
What is the HUMAN ANATOMY term we use to describe process of moving air in and out of the lungs? (one word ONLY)
ventilation
What happens to the volume of the lungs when you breathe out?
volume decreases
In what anatomical feature of the respiratory system does gas exchange take place? (Be SPECIFIC!)
the alveoli
What is the leading cause of death linked to smoking that involves abnormal cell growth in the lungs?
lung cancer
What is the name of the small tubes that branch off the bronchi and lead to the alveoli?
brochioles
What are the TWO human anatomy terms for breathing IN?
Inhalation and Inspiration
What is the name for muscles that work against each other when you breathe?
antagonistic muscles
Gas particles move from an area of ___________ concentration to an area of ____________ concentration.
Gas particles move from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration.
What is the name of the sticky substance in the airways that traps dust and microbes?
mucus
What is the name of the flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing?
epiglottis
What are the TWO human anatomy terms for breathing OUT?
Exhalation and Expiration
What happens to the pressure in your lungs when you breathe in?
pressure decreases
In what type of blood vessels does gas exchange take place?
capillaries
What is the name of the tiny hair-like structures in the respiratory tract that move mucus out of the airways?
cilia
What is the name of the tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi?
trachea
What process causes cells to produce energy and releases carbon dioxide as a byproduct?
cellular respiration
During inspiration, what TWO muscles contract?
1. external intercostals 2. diaphragm
Why are there millions of these in your lungs and why are they shaped like spheres?
What condition is caused by long-term exposure to harmful substances like cigarette smoke?
emphysema
What is the part of the respiratory system that warms, moistens, and filters incoming air?
nasal cavity
What gas is required for cellular respiration to occur?
oxygen
During expiration, what TWO muscles contract?
abdominal muscles and internal intercostals
Why is it crucial that your lungs are wet?
Gases must be dissolved for diffusion to occur efficiently
Name the chronic condition where the airways temporarily narrow, causing difficulty breathing.
asthma