Lungs
What is the function of the mucus membrane that lines the nasal cavities?
moisten and warm the air
How does oxygen enter the blood stream?
diffuse across the respiratory membrane in the alveoli into the capillaries
the max amount of L in air is 6L
What is nasal cannula?
during an asthma attack which drug comes first (type)
bronchodialator
first and easiest intervention that could be done with pneumonia
elevate HOB to 30 degrees (O2 can be accepted)
Trace a drop of blood from the lungs to the aorta (include valves)
Lungs -> Pulmonary Veins -> Left Atrium -> Bicuspid (AV) Valve, Left Ventricle, Aortic Valve -> Aorta
What is respiration?
transfer of oxygen from inhaled air via blood to the body cells and transfer of waste and carbon dioxide from body cells to blood and out the body
what is the most common high flow mask?
venturi
what is greatest risk for respiratory diseases in general
smoking
describe the patho of cystic fibrosis
describe the importance of surfactant
covers alveoli that prevents it from collapsing by reducing surface tension
what is a normal lung sound called
bronchovesicular
When is oxygen therapy initiated? be specific
preventing clinical manifestations of hypoxia
(PaO2 <60 or SaO2 < 90% on room air)
Should O2 be increased to reach a SaO2 of 95% in pt with COPD? Explain
no because patient isn't breathing to the increase in CO2 but rather absence of O2 in the blood.
Which disease is the number 1 killer worldwide?
TB
Where in the respiratory tract does oxygen perfusion first start?
respiratory bronchioles
when is the best time to give tamiflu for it to be most effective
1-2 days
what is the most important intervention for the prevention of atelectasis
Incentive Spirometer
describe 3 s/s of Chronic bronchitis
thick tenacious mucous, clubbing of fingernails, cyanotic
describe 3 s/s of emphysema
alveoli destruction, increase edema (puffy), keep O2 in rather than CO2
Name two age related changes in respiratory system
loss of lung elasticity, chest wall rigidity, respiratory muscles weaken, decrease in alveolar surface area
what is priority intervention for an incoming patient with TB
Droplet isolation
After successful ETT incubation the nurses priority action is to.... (can name three for extra 500)
check for placement by symmetrical chest rise & fall, X-ray for placement & bi lateral lung sound +no sound over abd
induration of what length (mm) indicates positive TB presence on skin test if a normal person
15mm
what are three interventions for a patient with lung cancer
provide O2, position semi-fowlers, small frequents meals with dietary supplements