Respiratory Anatomy
function of the thorax
What is to protect vital organs?
prevents left atrial backflow during ventricular contraction
What is the mitral valve?
general term for a pressure difference between two points in a system
What is the pressure gradient?
PaO2 falls below this level and ventilation increases.
What is 60 mmHg?
normal arterial blood CO2
typical diaphragm excursion
What is 1 to 2 cm?
formed elements of the blood
What are RBC's, WBC's, and platelets?
law stating volume of gas varies inversely proportional to volume
What is Boyle's law?
formula for PAO2
What is (PB-PH20)FiO2-(PaCO2/0.8)
primary chemical event in metabolic acidosis
What is decrease in blood HCO3?
functional units of the lung
What is the acinus? (alveoli and respiratory bronchioles)
normal blood pressure of the pulmonary system
What is 25/8?
function of surfactant
What is reduce surface tension?
vast majority of oxygen carried in the blood
What is chemically bound to hemoglobin?
most common cause of respiratory alkalosis
What is hypoxemia?
involves the insertion of a needle into pleural space to remove excess fluid accumulation
What is thoracentesis?
Formula for cardiac output
What is stroke volume times heart rate?
Formula for airway resistance
What is change in pressure/flow?
normal amount of time blood takes for capillary transit equilibration
What is 0.25 seconds?
pH 7.62, PCO2 32, HCO3 32
primary function of lungs
What is gas exchange?
term for high red blood cells
What is polycythemia?
how the body compensates for increased deadspace
What is increase tidal volume?
arterial oxygen content x cardiac output
What is total oxygen delivery?
this buffer system takes several days to compensate for acid base disturbances
What is the renal system?