Process of rewriting the code in DNA into mrna. it occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes and cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
100
what is translation
The process in which mrna is rewritten into a protein\amino acid sequence. it occurs in the cytoplasm
100
what is mutation
Change in an organisms genetic info. it leads to genetic diversity, genetic recombination
100
what is a frame shift mutation
Upset 3 base sequence gene is read in wrong sequence. it alters the amino acid sequence
100
(transcription) when the terminator is reached, what happens?
Rna polymerase detaches, the DNA closes and leaves behind the Newley formed mRNA strand
200
what is rna polymerase?
It binds the specific sequence of DNA
200
what are exons/introns?
exons-the coding sequence. introns- non coding sequence
200
what are point mutations?
When the nucleotide sequence changes
200
what does tRNA translate
mRNA into amino acid sequence
200
transcription/ what type of bonds keep DNA attached to mRNA
covalent bonds
300
what is a promoter
3 base sequence of DNA that serves as a start signal for protien synthesis
300
stages?
1)start signal is recognized. 2) trna carries an amino acid that corresponds to the mRNA codon. 3) amino acids r linked together. 4) stops when the stop codon is reached
300
what is substitution?
When a nucleotide is replaced
300
what does tRNA contain
3 loops- the anticodon which matches up and is complementary to the mRNA codon
300
what is rna
single strand of nucleotieds, contain 5 carbon sugar- ribose. and has uracil instead of thymine
400
steps?
1) Rna polymerase binds the promoter 2) the rna polymerase then unwinds the helix exposing the nitrogenous bases. 3) rna polymerase then reads the sequence and uses it as a template to create the mRNA strand
400
what is an anticodon?
3 base sequence on trna
400
what is insertion
When a nucleotide is added
400
what does the codon determine
the amino acid that is associated with the tRNA
400
types of rna?
tRNA- transfer. mRNA- messenger. rrna- ribosomal
500
what is the code in DNA used to make?
Protein synthesis/gene expression
500
what is a codon?
3 base sequence on mRNA
500
what is deletion
When a nucleotide is deleted
500
what are the 3 terminators and 1 promoter?
3 terminators- uaa, uag, uga. promoter- aug
500
what are other characteristics of rna? where is the site of protien synthesis
linear strand of nucleotides, copy of gene, blueprint on how to make protein, carries the genetic info in DNA to site of protien synthesis- ribosome.