"Gaming" (pg. 230-243)
Which supreme court case upheld tribes right regarding gaming regulation?
California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians (p. 231)
What project began in 1987 that addressed the economic inequality and development experienced by Native Americans?
The Harvard Project.
It also “suggested that the lack of human capital (education, skills, technical expertise) and the means to develop was a problem” (pg. 246)
All Indians become wealthy in result of Indian Gaming.
False! A disproportionately large share of the total casino revenue in Indian Country accrues to tribes that represent a SMALL share of the Indian population.
Conrad and Lynn were guest speakers in our class. How are they related to each other and how are they related to Greg Sarris?
Conrad and Lynn are brother and sister. They are both cousins of Greg.
What is I.G.R.A and why was it created?
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act; it was created as a result from the Supreme Court decision California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians which (1) circumscribed tribal rights and (2) establish a balancing framework that allows other governments to oversee Indian Gaming (pg. 231)
Before the 1950's, what were the hardships that Native American's experienced on reservations?
Lack of running water, no electricity, didn't have decent/adequate housing.
All states, including Minnesota, get direct revenue from Indian Gaming.
False! SOME states, such as Connecticut, do indeed receive billions of dollars from Indian Gaming. Other states, such as Minnesota, get NO direct revenue from casinos.
What was the last tribe to be restored by an act of Congress?
Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) is divided gaming into three classes...what are they?
Class I: Social games or traditional forms of Indian gaming
Class II: Bingo/games similar to bingo and card games
Class III: All forms of gaming that are not class I or class II gaming.
Why didn't Economic Institutions want to lend money to Native Americans before the late 80s?
“(1) They are Indian. (2) Indians couldn't use their land as collateral for loans. (3) There weren't many banks on the Rez until casinos were established” (pg. 216)
The Tulalip Tribes confronted 60-70% unemployment before opening a casino.
True. They also confronted inadequate housing, high dropout rates, pervasive substance abuse, and severe community health problems before they transformed their economy with a major casino.
What does the term 'terminated' mean in regards to recognized tribes?
Terminated: Rights as federally recognized tribe are gone; no more sovereignty nor trust
What main controversy has resulted from the rapid growth of Indian gaming?
Who is an Indian and what exactly qualifies as an Indian Nation. Some of the controversy comes from “mainstream society's stereotyping” and also from non-Indians “jumping on the indian bandwagon” according to the Harvard Project. (pg. 239)
What case allowed Indians to have casinos and “Paul McCartney’s guitar?”
The case of Worcester v. Georgia
American Indian governments' rights to gaming have roots in the U.S. Constitution
True! Article 1, section 8 of the Constitution provides that only the federal government can make laws regulating commerce between the US and the Indian tribes.
What is sovereignty and how does this term apply to Indian Gaming?
Tribal sovereignty in the United States is the concept of the inherent authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of the United States. This means that tribes have the right to regulate gaming on their land.
What kinds of problems did the people OPPPOSED to Graton Casino fear would be brought to their town?
IGRA requires that net revenues from Indian gaming operations be used in FIVE areas. What are they?
1) Tribal government operations 2) Promotion of welfare of the tribe and its citizens 3) economic development 4) support of charitable organizations 5) compensation to local non-Indian governments for support of services provided by those governments (pg 235)
What were the popular misconceptions of most Americans that immediately disadvantaged Native Americans from the start (*Regarding Reservations)?
Most Americans, including the government thought:
1) reservations were a promise they didn't have to keep
2) The Indigenous population would be carried away by disease or intermarriage within a generation or two
(pg. 245)
The Augustine Band is the nation's largest federally recognized tribe
False! The Augustine Band is the nation's SMALLEST federally recognized tribe, with an enrollment of EIGHT (8) members.
According to Professor Sarris, California tribal gaming alone gets a larger revenue than the _________ industry.
California gaming alone gets a larger revenue than all other ENTERTAINMENT (movies, etc)
Graton Casino is owned by the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria. Who is this tribe composed of? (Hint*: Multiple tribes) Name at least 2.
Graton Rancheria is a government created tribe composed of the survivors from all the local tribes including southern Pomo, Kashaya and Coast Miwok.