Results of Evolution
A single, distinct version of a gene
Allele
A distinct characteristic of an organism, which may or may not be inheritable
Trait
A tool used to analyze the possible allele combinations of the offspring between two individuals
Punnett Square
Differential survival and reproductive success among a group of organisms due to differences in the inherited traits or characteristics of the organisms
Natural Selection
The genetic makeup of an organism
Genotype
The physical expression of a gene or set of genes; the appearance of an organism
Phenotype
An organism that captures and consumes another organism for nourishment
Predator
An organism that is captured and consumed by another organism for nourishment
Prey
The area and conditions in which an organism lives
Habitat
An interaction between organisms in which one organism captures and consumes another organism
Predation
The product of the reproduction of a new organism produced by one or more parents
Offspring
The ability to produce fertile offspring
Reproductive Success
The divergence of populations or subpopulations of the same species to the point where they can no longer interbreed and generate fertile offspring
Speciation
The continued existence of organisms that are better adapted to their environment, with the extinction of others that are not
Survival of the Fittest
The change in the frequency of an allele in a population due to the random-chance survival of certain organisms within the population
Genetic Drift
The transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another
Gene Flow
The process by which new combinations of alleles that are not found in the parents are produced in offspring
Recombination
A reduction of the size of a population to a single or a few individuals, resulting in loss of genetic variation
Bottleneck Effect
All the genes in any population
Gene Pool
The chance fixation of alleles in a population due to those alleles being possessed by a small number of individuals from which the entire population descends
Founder Effect
A change in the DNA sequence of a chromosome
Mutation
A process by which the heritable characteristics of a population change such that the organisms in the population become better able to survive and reproduce in their environment
Adaptation
what is a sign that mammals have similar ancestors
similar bone structure
the natural process by which organisms best adjusted to their environment are most successful in surviving and reproducing
survival of the fittest
what is the preditors job in the ecosystem
to kill and capture prey