Cell Notes
What does cell theory state?
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells arise from pre-existing cells
What is an element?
An element is one or more atoms of the same kind.
What do the letters DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose nucleic acid
Put in the correct order form smallest to largest:
cell, DNA Bases, nucleus, gene, chromosome
DNA Bases Gene Chromosome Nucleus Cell
What is taxonomy?
The system of naming and classifying organisms based on shared characteristics.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is when an organism maintains balance in its internal environment
Name 3 examples of elements.
Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, iron, hydrogen, sulfur
What is a nucleotide?
A subunit of nucleic acid made from a phosphate base, and sugar.
What is an allele?
One of different forms of a gene
What is binomial nomenclature?
A classifying system in which each species is assigned a 2 part scientific name.
Put these in the correct order from simplest to most complex: Organism, cell, tissue, organ system, organ
Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism
What are monomers?
Building blocks for polymers. They make up polymers.
What are the DNA base pairs?
A with T & C with G
What is a gene?
A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait. Passed on from one generation to another.
What is adaptation?
A heritable characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in their environment.
What shape is an animal cell?
Like a circle
What makes something an inorganic compound?
It's missing carbon and/or hydrogen.
What are the RNA base pairs?
A with U and C with G
What is genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
Give 2 examples of an adaptation.
Camouflage to hide from predators, claws on bears & tigers, photosynthesis, hibernation, etc.
What shape is a plant cell?
Like a square
What are the 4 major types of organic molecules?
Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acid
What is DNA polymerase?
The enzyme that puts together the DNA bases using the base pair rule during DNA replication.
What is phenotype?
The physical characteristics of an organism, how it looks.
What is genetic variation?
Differences in members of the same species.