Nucleic Acids/Misc
Watson and Crick used this term to describe the shape of DNA.
What is a double helix?
Occurs in the ___
What is the nucleus?
What is the central dogma?
DNA to RNA to Protein (transcription, translation)
PCR stands for....
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction?
What charge does DNA have?
The type of bond that holds bases together in the double helix.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This is the first step in the replication of one DNA molecule.
What is the unwinding of DNA?
Three parts of mRNA processes
What is...
1. Polyadenylation
2. Splicing
3. Addition of 5' cap
The three stages of a PCR cycle?
True or false, DNA fragments in a gel run from negative to positive
What is true?
A (nitrogenous) base, a sugar, and a phosphate.
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
What contributes to (adds to or decreases) strain during DNA replication?
What are topoisomerase and helicase?
Two most notable components of tRNA molecule?
What are....
1. amino acid
2. anticodon
the name of the area where "copying" begins in this process is called a _______
What is a primer?
the solution that is poured into the electrophoresis chamber is called ______
What is buffer?
Name the purines?
What are adenine and guanine?
What is the bond formed by DNA Polymerase between 2 adjacent nucleotides?
What is Phosphodiester Bond?
Please name the 3 stop codons? The start codon?
What are UAA, UGA, UAG? What is AUG?
the enzyme needed for new DNA fragments to be created during PCR
What is Taq polymerase
Which will move FARTHER in a gel; small or large pieces of DNA
What is small?
Explain what primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of a protein is
primary: amino acid chain/polypeptide
secondary: with alpha helicies/beta pleated sheets
tertiary: with folded 3D shape due to side chain interactions
quaternary: multiple subunits
What are the 3 components required for DNA polymerase to add dNTPs to 3’ end of growing strand
What are...
1. dNTPs
2. Template DNA
3. Primer
The original strand of DNA is TAC TTG ACT. The corresponding strand of RNA is _______. The corresponding polypeptide strand is ______. (You may use a genetic code table)
What is......
AUG AAC UGA
Methionine, Asparagine, STOP
Describe, briefly, what is happening during each phase of PCR
What is...
Denaturation: apply heat to break h-bonds in DNA template
Anneal: cool back down to allow primer to anneal
Extension: time for Taq polymerase to add dNTPs, synthesizing the complementary strand
By comparing the DNA sample and the DNA ladder what can be determined?
What are...approximate lengths of the DNA fragments in the sample?