Present perfect
What is the structure of a present perfect sentence affirmative?
subject + auxiliary verb (have/has) + past participle + complement
When is "would" commonly used to talk about the past?
is to describe habitual actions, things that are not true anymore
What is the key difference between the present perfect and simple past tenses?
the present perfect is used when the time of the action is not specified or when the action is relevant to the present, whereas the simple past is used for actions with a specific past time reference
When is the past perfect tense used, and what is its structure?
Is used to show an action that happened before another past action, and the structure is "had" + past participle (e.g., had eaten)
What is the structure of the past perfect continuous tense?
"had" + been + present participle (verb + -ing)
Which adverbs are commonly used with the present perfect tense to indicate when an action occurred?Mention all
"just," "already," "yet," "always" and "never"
Give an example of a sentence using "would" to describe a habitual action in the past.
Provide a grammatically correct sentence using "would" to describe a habitual past action.
When would you use the present perfect instead of the simple past?
when the time of the action is not specified or is relevant to the present
Explain the difference between the past perfect and the simple past.
the past perfect shows an action's completion before another past action, while the simple past shows a specific point in the past
Explain the main purpose of the past perfect continuous tense
to show the duration of an action that happened before another past action
In the sentence, "She has lived in Paris since 2010," what does "since" indicate?
It indicates the starting point of the action's duration
How is "would" different from "used to" when talking about past habits?
"would" is more commonly used for specific past habits, while "used to" is used for general past habits
Provide an example of a sentence where you would use the simple past instead of the present perfect.
Give a grammatically correct sentence using the simple past that is not appropriate for the present perfect
Provide an example of a sentence using the past perfect to indicate two past perfect actions.
By the time I arrived at the party, they had already eaten all the pizza, and the music had stopped.
Give an example of a sentence using the past perfect continuous to describe a past action's duration.
She was exhausted because she had been working on her project for hours without a break.
When do you use "ever" and "never" in present perfect questions and negatives?
"ever" is used in questions, and "never" is used in negatives
Explain when "would" is commonly used in the past for expressing habitual actions.
"would" is often used for describing past repeated actions or habits, especially in storytelling, such as "Every Sunday, he would visit his grandmother."
In the sentence, "I've never been to Italy," why is the present perfect used?
To express the speaker's lifetime experience up to the present
Why is the past perfect useful when telling a story?
it helps establish the sequence of events and clarify which action happened first
How does the past perfect continuous differ from the past perfect?
The past perfect continuous emphasizes the duration and continuity of the action, while the past perfect focuses on the action's completion
Give an example of a sentence using the present perfect tense.
Provide any grammatically correct sentence using the present perfect tense.
Give an example of a sentence where "would" is used to express a past preference.
I would always choose chocolate ice cream over vanilla, when I was 10.
Explain the structure of a present perfect sentence with "just" and provide an example.
Subject + has/have + just + past participle, e.g., "I have just finished my homework."
In the sentence, "She had already left when I arrived," which action happened first, and why is the past perfect used?
She had already left" happened first, and the past perfect is used to show the earlier action in relation to the arrival
In the sentence, "He had been studying for hours before the exam," why is the past perfect continuous used?
To emphasize the lengthy and continuous study that occurred before the exam