Hip
What type of cartilage is the labrum made of?
What type of cartilage is the menisci made of? What zone has the best prognosis for healing?
fibrocartilaginous discs and red-red zone
Name the 7 tarsal bones
3 cuneiforms, calcareous, navicular, talus, and cuboid
When is potential energy at its greatest?
During mid stance (when COM is at its highest)
name the osteokinematic motions at the scapulothoracic joint?
upward and downward rotation
elevation and depression
retraction and protraction
What is a compensation that occurs when someone has excessive anterversion at the hip?
Toe in
Name the unique features of the medial femoral condyle compared to the lateral femoral condyle.
Extends more distally and anteriorly, bears more weight, articular cartilage at the medial condyle is 3x thicker
What are the movements of pronation at the ankle?
dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction
Which phase of the gait cycle has the greatest muscle activity?
Loading response
what is the primary arthrokinematic motion at the glenohumeral joint and say what occurs during extension?
Spin; posterior roll and anterior glide
Name the 3 ligaments that reinforce the hip capsule?
Ischiofemoral, pubofemoral, and iliofemoral
Name the ligament that resists varus stresses at the knee?
LCL
what are the arthrokinematics at the talocrural joint during open chain plantarflexion
Talus rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly
Name the external moments occurring during mid stance
Hip flexion and adduction, knee flexion, and ankle DF
What direction does the clavicle spin during shoulder flexion and abduction?
Posterior spin
What is the closed pack and open packed position of the hip?
Closed packed: full extension, slight IR, and abduction
Open packed: 30ยบ flexion, slight abduction, ER
Describe the arthrokinematics during closed chain knee extension?
Femur on Tibia (convex on concave)
-femoral condyles roll posteriorly and glide anteriorly
name the arch that is made up of dense fascia and runs the length of the foot and flattens during WB
plantar aponeurosis
What are possibly abnormalities to gait if an individual has inadequate knee flexion?
reduces shock absorption, difficulty achieving toe off (more hip flexion needed), toe drag
Describe what scapulohumeral rhythm is?
For every 2 degrees of glenohumeral abduction their is 1 degree of scapulothoracic upward rotation
When standing on your right and your left hip drops, what osteokinematic motion is being described?
Right hip adduction
Obligatory ER of tibia during terminal knee extension
what is the closed packed position of the talocrural joint? subtalar joint?
talocrural- DF
subtalar- supination
During which phases of gait do you see the greatest hamstring muscle activity?
Hamstrings turn on during mid stance and work to slow down hip flexion and control tibial momentum during terminal stance
During abduction at the shoulder what 2 movements are occurring at the clavicle as per the 6 kinematic principles of abduction
Clavicle is posteriorly rotating and retracting