ESM
What do you do in ongoing casualty care?
Loosen clothing, protect belongings, reassure casualty
What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations?
30:2
What are the 2 types of frostbite?
Superficial, deep
Name 2 signs and symptoms of insect bites
Sudden pain, swelling, heat, redness, itching
What are the 2 types of diabetes?
Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia
How long do you check RBS and what are you checking for?
30 seconds for bleeding, bruising, deformities, medical alerts
What is different when doing CPR on an unconscious choking patient?
Look for the object in the mouth before giving ventilations
What are the 4 types of burns?
Chemical, heat, radiation, electrical
What are the 4 types of poisons?
Inhaled, injected, swallowed, absorbed
What is insulin?
Hormone that regulates amount of glucose in the bloodstream
What does SAMPLE stand for?
Signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, past and present medical history, last meal, events leading to the incident
What is the initial treatment for deadly bleeding?
Rest- tell them not to move
Elevate- raise injured area if possible
Direct pressure- put pressure on wound
Name 3 signs and symptoms of second-degree burns
Both layers (epidermis and dermis) of the skin is damaged
Skin looks raw and red in colour
Skin is moist and ranges in colour from white to cherry red
Blisters contain clear fluid
Extreme pain
What does SHARP stand for?
swollen, hot, ache, red, pus
What would the skin condition be of a patient with hypoglycemia
pale, cool, clammy
How do you assess the airway?
Look, listen, feel for air
What are the signs and symptoms of a severe choking patient?
High-pitched wheezing or no noise when trying to breathe, blue lips and ears
List 3 signs/symptoms of hypothermia
Shivering a lot/not at all
Pale, cold, blue/grey skin
Fatigue
Slow pulse and breathing
Numbness
Confusion
Explain treatment for leeches
Use fingernail to push head end of leech off skin
Head end is smaller, skinnier end of leech
After head removed, push larger end off
There may be bleeding in area after, wash with soap and water
Which develops quicker? Hyper or hypo?
hypoglycemia
Where and when do we check radial vs carotid pulse?
Radial if conscious, carotid if unconscious
What is a critical intervention? Give an example for each category
Critical interventions: anything that affects the ABCs
Airway→ choking on foreign object, unconscious casualty’s tongue blocking airway, airway swollen from allergic reaction, inhalation injuries
Breathing→ oxygen level low from high altitude, oxygen used up in small space, chest injury (eg. flail chest, pneumothorax) , abnormal lung function, illness (eg. pneumonia, asthma), poison
Circulation→ shock, deadly bleeding, internal bleeding, abnormal heart function
Describe the treatment for frozen state
Do not attempt first aid, transport to medical help as soon as possible
What is the phone number for poison control?
604-682-5050
What does TRAMP stand for?
Time- When should medication be taken? (eg. once every morning, when symptoms occur)
Route- How is medication administered? (eg. absorbed through skin
Amount- How much medication should be taken?
Medication- Is this the right medication?
Person- Is this the right person to give this medication to?