Indus Valley Civilization
By 1700 BCE, the great cities of the IVC are ________
Abandoned
Name of the group that immigrated to India in waves from 2000 BCE to 1500 BCE
Indo-Aryans/Indo-Europeans
Name of the oldest Veda
Rigveda
Name of wooden/stone casket that encased mummified bodies
Hindus believe in the transmigration of the individual soul, the basis for where the soul goes next is based on its action; also called __________
Karma
Name of IVC writing system, it is still undeciphered
Indus Script
Early Vedic tribes were led by chiefs called
Rajans
Early Vedic Religion is known as the ________ of Hinduism
Ancestor/foundation
Pyramid-like structures at the heart of Mesopotamian city-states that were temples with shrines on top and connected cities to the gods
Ziggurats
Hinduism is the world's _________________ religion (age)
Oldest Surviving Religion
Name one cause that might have contributed to the decline of the IVC
Migrations, environmental changes, economic collapse
Name of social classes in Vedic India that will later become the basis of the caste system
Varnas
The Early Vedic Religion is extremely _________ heavy
Ritual
Longest reigning monarch in World History (Egypt)
Pharaoh Pepi II
The individual soul; indestructible, eternal, one with the universal soul
Atman
Which IVC city is known for its remarkable sewage system and was called a Utopia by British Archaeologists?
Mohenjo-daro
Spiritual and philosophical reform in Late Vedic India in which individual ascetics rejected ritual sacrifice and brahmanic authority; practiced individual ethical discipline and sought liberation from the cycle of rebirth (samsara)
Sramana Movement
Name one of the 4 layers of the Vedas, English or Indian term
Samhita, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads. Hymns and mantras, ritual instruction, symbolic meaning of rituals, philosophical texts
Name the ruthless, vicious leader of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
Ashurbanipal
The universal soul; the essence of the universe, the ultimate reality underlying all things
Brahman
Name of center of IVC cities; they were used as food storage and meeting centers
Citadels
Name of ancient Indian writing system and language
Sanskrit
This god is the god of fire and carries the offerings to the gods
Agni
Achaemenid Persian Empire
This god is the destroyer of creation; He dances as he destroys the universe so it can restarted again
Shiva