the allele that codes for the trait that appears in an offspring when two different alleles paired
100
heredity
the passing of traits from one generation to the next
100
phenotype
the observable traits of an organism
100
traits
an inherited characteristic of a living being, such as hair color or eye color
200
asexual reproduction
reproduction in which the offspring has only one parent; organisms that can reproduce in this way include algae, bacteria, and corals
200
fertilization
the process in which the egg and sperm cells of the parent organisms unite in the first stage of sexual reproduction
200
punnett square
a grid used to show the possible gene combinations from the crossing of two organisms
200
Which of the following is an example of an inherited trait?
A. Donald plays the banjo.
B. Lucas rolls his tongue.
C. Mikayla speaks French.
D. Wanda enjoys swimming.
B
300
binary fission
the process of one complete cell dividing into two identical, complete cells
300
gamete
a specialized cell of sexual reproduction; the sperm or egg
300
homozygous
having two identical alleles for a single trait
300
recessive allele
an allele that will not express itself in an organism when paired with a dominant allele
300
Genes code for inherited traits. Which of the following best describes a gene?
A. a carbohydrate molecule
B. a small protein molecule
C. a section of a DNA molecule
D. a chromosome
C
400
chromosome
a threadlike, DNA-carrying strand that contains the genes that tell what traits an organism will have; chromosomes exist in pairs in all cells except gametes
400
gene
a unit found on a cell's chromosomes that carries information about a trait of the organism
400
incomplete dominance
a type of inheritance in which the traits of the parents appear to "blend," e.g., plants with white and red flowers producing offspring with pink flowers
400
reproduction
having the ability to get similar results from multiple trails
400
What is the name for the process in which gametes merge to produce a complete set of chromosomes?
A. binary fission
B. fertilization
C. meiosis
D. zygosis
B
500
DNA
the molecule that carries genetic information
500
genotype
the complete genetic makeup of an individual or a species
500
meiosis
the process of cell division at the beginning of sexual reproduction that produces gametes with half as many chromosomes as the original cells
500
sexual reproduction
the production of offspring by a male and a female organism of the same species
500
A certain mammal has 12 chromosomes in a gamete cell. How many chromosomes in a gamete cell. How many chromosomes are in a body cell of this mammal?
A. 6
B. 12
C. 24
D. 48