Electrical Therapy
what is an artificial pacemaker
A medical device that will produce and deliver an electrical stimulus
what are some underlying causes in dysrhythmias?
Electrolyte imbalance
Smoking
Caffeine
Stress
Heart Disease
what is a heart block?
is the blockage of a sinus electrical stimulus
what does myocardial infarction mean?
heart attack
what does NSTEMI stand for?
Non- ST elevated myocardial infarction
what are the 2 pacemaker parts
generator and leads
what medication slows down the av node conduction ?
adenosine and digitalis
what do you expect to see on a ekg with a heart block?
Delay in the transmission of the electrical stimulus from the AV node to the ventricles
Partial interruption in the conduction of the sinus electrical stimulus.
Meaning some of the electrical signals are conducted and other just end
there- they do not get conducted (blocked).
A complete blockage of electrical stimulus. None of the sinus
electrical stimuli get through. All sinus signals are blocked.
What happens when one has a heart attack?
A heart attack occurs when heart tissue dies due to not receiving enough
oxygen.
what is ischemia?
when there is a reduction of
blood flow to any organ in the body.
Name at least 2 arrythmias that make need a pacemaker
Symptomatic sinus bradycardia
• Junctional Rhythms
• Idioventricular rhythm
• Agonal (dying heart)
• Asystole
• 2:1 AV Block
• Mobitz II 2nd Degree Block
• Third Degree AV Block
what are some medications that treat dysrhythmias?
Beta Blockers
• Calcium Channel blockers
• Digitalis
• Adenosine
• Atropine
• Dopamine
• Epinephrine
• Amiodarone
should p-p intervals be regular or irregular?
regular
what are some heart attack symptoms?
• angina (chest pain) typically on the left side of the chest.
Patients many times describe the chest pain like "an elephant is sitting on their
chest"
• Chest pain can radiate to the neck, shoulder, back, arm or jaw.
• Pain in the left arm
Shortness of breath, nausea, voimiting, pallor, diaphoresis, arrythmias
what would ischemia on a ekg look like?
is depicted by an
inverted T wave or a 1mm depression of the ST segment.
what are the two types of artificial pacemakers?
unipolar and bipolar
how much blood should be pumping to the body every minute.
4-8L
is there any clinical concerns with 1st degree heart block?
no clinical danger
with who can silent heart attacks happen to?
woman
elderly
diabetics
is damage less severe in STEMI or NSTEMI
NSTEMI
what are the 2 temporary pacemaker types?
Transvenous and Transcutaneous
Name some Emergency Cardiac Medications are used for
cardiac arrest or in arrhythmia causing life
threatening situations
Atropine
• Dopamine:
• Epinephrine:
• Adenosine
• Amiodarone:
• Oxygen
what are the 2 types of second degree heart blocks?
Mobitz I aka Wenckebach
•Mobitz II
where does the heart receive oxygen from?
coronary arteries
where is NSTEMI most likely to occur in the heart
endocardium