Verbs Followed by Infinitives and Gerunds
What is the difference between verbs followed by gerunds and those followed by infinitives?
Some verbs take gerunds (enjoy reading), others take infinitives (decide to leave), and some can take both with a change in meaning (stop smoking vs. stop to smoke).
What is the structure of a past modal of deduction?
Modal + have + past participle (must have forgotten).
What is the difference between used to, get used to, and be used to?
Used to = Past habits or states (I used to play soccer).
Get used to = The process of adapting (I am getting used to waking up early).
Be used to = Already accustomed (I am used to waking up early).
What is the structure of a second conditional?
If + past simple, would + base verb (If I had more time, I would travel).
What is a collective noun? Give an example.
A noun that refers to a group (team, family, audience).
Choose the correct form: He decided ____ (leave) early.
He decided to leave early.
What does must have express in deduction?
A strong certainty about the past. (He must have left early.)
Complete the sentence: She ______ (get used to) driving in the city.
She is getting used to driving in the city.
Complete the sentence: If I ______ (be) you, I would take the job.
If I were you, I would take the job.
What is a partitive noun? Give an example.
A noun that refers to a part of a whole (piece of cake, glass of water).
Identify the gerund and infinitive in this sentence: I enjoy swimming, but I want to learn how to surf.
Gerund: swimming / Infinitive: to learn.
Complete the sentence: She _____ (might/must) have lost her phone because she can’t find it.
She might have lost her phone because she can't find it.
Convert the sentence to negative: He used to live in Spain.
He didn't use to live in Spain.
What is the difference between a third conditional and a mixed conditional?
Third conditional = Unreal past situations (If I had studied, I would have passed).
Mixed conditional = Past event affecting the present (If I had studied, I would be at university now).
Choose the correct word: A ____ of students went on the trip. (Group / Slice / Bunch)
A group of students went on the trip.
Rewrite the sentence using an infinitive: She avoids eating fast food.
She tries not to eat fast food.
Rewrite the sentence using can’t have: It’s impossible that he finished the test in 10 minutes.
He can't have finished the test in 10 minutes.
Rewrite using be used to: At first, working late was difficult, but now it's normal.
Now, I am used to working late.
Rewrite using the third conditional: I didn’t go to the party, so I didn't meet her.
If I had gone to the party, I would have met her.
Identify the partitive noun: She bought a loaf of bread and a bottle of milk.
Loaf and bottle.
Explain the difference: I stopped smoking vs. I stopped to smoke.
Stopped smoking = Quit smoking completely.
Stopped to smoke = Paused another activity to smoke.
Explain the difference: He might have left vs. He must have left.
Might have left = It's possible that he left.
Must have left = We are almost sure he left.
Write one sentence with each structure (used to, get used to, and be used to).
Used to: I used to drink coffee every morning.
Get used to: I am getting used to exercising daily.
Be used to: She is used to speaking in public.
Complete with a mixed conditional: If she _____ (not lose) her job, she _____ (not be) so stressed now.
If she hadn't lost her job, she wouldn't be so stressed now.
Write a sentence using a collective noun and a partitive noun.
The team won the match and celebrated with a piece of cake.