Introduction to Science
The investigation and exploration of natural events
Science
Why isn't there a "law" for the Origin of life?
- Lack of evidence
- No witnesses
- Many possible explanations
What is an "Organism"?
Something that have all the 6 characteristics of life.
Who was the first person who classified living things?
Aristotle
The smallest unit of life
Cells
What is a "natural event"?
Phenomena that can be tested with experimentation. We have evidence is 100% real.
What's the oldest theory of the Origin of life? Who stated it?
Aristotle: Spontaneous generation.
"Living organisms could arise from nonliving matter if the material contained pneuma (vital heat)"
What are the 6 characteristics of life?
Organization
Growth and development
Reproduction
Homeostasis
Response to stimuli
Use of energy
What are the 3 domains of life?
Eukarya
Bacteria
Archaea
What is the difference between a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic cell?
In prokaryotic cells, their genetic material isn't stored within a membrane-bound nucleus. They don't have organelles and are simpler.
What are the 3 branches of Science? Mention 1 example of each branch.
Life Science: Biology, botany, zoology, ecology.
Physical Science: Physics, chemistry, Astronomy.
Earth Science: Geology, Paleontology, Minerology, Metereology.
What's the difference between a Scientific Law and Scientific Theory?
A scientific law predicts the results of certain initial conditions from a phenomena that has been tested (Universal truth), in contrast, a theory tries to provide the most logical explanation about why things happen as they do.
When sunflowers follow the sun, is an example of:
Response to stimuli
What are the 6 kingdoms of life?
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
Bacteria
Archaea
Mention 3 differences between animal and plant cell:
Cell wall, chloroplasts and a large central vacuole.
What is the Scientific Method?
Series of steps needed to obtain new knowledge.
"If energy is added to the gases that made up Earth's early atmosphere, the building blocks of life would be created" Alexander Oparin
The primordial soup theory
Cell organelles having an specialized functions inside the cells, is an example of:
Organization
Why are archaea different from bacteria?
Archaea are adapted to live in extreme environment, bacteria just need humidity.
How many calories are there in:
1 gram of proteins
1 gram of carbohydrates
1 gram of lipids?
Carbohydrates: 4 calorie per gram
Lipids: 9 calories per gram
List, in the correct order, the steps of the Scientific Method:
1. Observation
2. Ask a question
3. Background research
4. Prediction
5. Hypothesis
6. Experiment
7. Analyze results
8. Conclusions
9. Communicate results
What are the principles from Lyn Margulis Endosymbiotic Theory?
Eukaryotic cells may have evolved when multiple cells joined together into one. They began to live in what we call symbiotic relationships.
When lizards shuttle between locations where they can absorb heat from the sun, and then venture into cooler spots to forage, is an example of:
Homeostasis.
Lizards are trying to maintain internal temperature.
List, in the correct order, the taxonomic classification of organisms:
Domain
Kingdom
Phyllum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What are the 3 statements of "The Cell Theory"?
1. The Cell is the smallest unit of life.
2. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
3. All organisms are made of 1 or more cells.