Minerals
What is the hardest mineral?
Diamond
Mention four mineral properties
luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage/fracture
Rocks that are formed due to intense heat or extreme pressure
Metamorphic
What is a rock?
A rock is any naturally occurring solid mass made up one or more minerals
Five steps of the scientific method:
Question/purpose, research, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
What is the name of the test that measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching?
Mohs Hardness Scale
True or false: color and appearance are the best way to identify minerals
False
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks
A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one to another
The rock cycle
An educated guess based on observation
Hypothesis
What is a mineral? (Must mention all 5 characteristics)
A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition
The color of the powder form of a mineral is called
Streak
How do igneous rocks form?
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools down and hardens.
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is under the Earth’s surface and lava is the magma that reaches the surface
Explain the research step of the scientific method
information known from observation or everything I can find (online or in books) about my topic, BEFORE my experiment
Minerals that contain a combination of silicon and oxygen are called
Silicate minerals
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface
Luster
Igneous rocks formed when magma cools beneath the Earth’s surface
Intrusive rocks
True or false Mafic rocks are dark-colored
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
sediment is buried deeply, it becomes compacted and cemented, forming sedimentary rock
The ability of a mineral to glow and change color under ultraviolet light is called
fluorescence
What is the difference between cleavage and fracture?
Cleavage is the smooth cut of a mineral while fracture describes a rough cut
visible layers or bands aligned in planes. The bands look like pages in a book.
Foliated structure
Mention 4 different igneous rocks
Basalt, obsidian, granite, rhyolite
An example of an Igneous, mafic and extrusive rock.
Basalt