ORGANELLES
This organelle stores DNA and controls the activities of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
These proteins speed up reactions in cells.
What are enzymes?
Humans have this total number of chromosomes.
What is 46?
This process is used for growth, repair, and replacing damaged cells.
What is mitosis?
This process creates genetically unique gametes.
What is meiosis?
This organelle is roughly 1/2 RNA and 1/2 protein.
What is the ribosome?
Enzymes speed reactions by bringing these together.
What are substrates?
Trisomy 21 which results in down syndrome produces an individual with how many chromosomes?
What is 47?
During this stage, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
During meiosis, this process exchanges DNA between homologous chromosomes.
What is crossing over?
This organelle has it's own double membrane and DNA.
What is the mitochondria?
This type organelle is involved with protein synthesis and folding.
What is the rough ER?
Skin and muscle are examples of these types of cells.
What are somatic cells?
DNA is copied during this phase of interphase.
What is the S phase?
The random distribution of chromosomes into gametes is called this.
What is independent assortment?
This plant-only organelle was the result of endosymbiosis when a heterotrophic eukaryotic host cell engulfed a photosynthetic cyanobacterium without digesting it.
What is the chloroplast?
This organelle creates lipids and lacks ribosomes.
What is the smooth ER?
Cells containing one copy of each chromosome are called this.
What are haploid cells?
The first stage of mitosis.
What is prophase?
Meiosis produces this number of genetically distinct daughter cells.
What is 4 daughter cells?
If ATP production suddenly stopped, this would most likely happen to the cell.
What is the cell would lose energy and eventually stop functioning?
A catalyst does this during a reaction.
What is speed up reactions without being used up?
Sperm and egg cells are examples of these.
What are gametes?
This final process completes cell division after telophase.
What is cytokinesis?
Strawberries are octoploid which means what?
What is a eight copies of their chromosomes.