CELL CYCLE
MITOSIS
DNA
CANCER
REPLICATION
100
Where in the cell cycle does DNA replicate itself?
S-phase
100
How many daughter cells come from one mother cell?
2
100
What is the job of DNA?
To carry genetic information.
100
What is a word to describe a tumor that is cancerous?
malignant
100
A DNA strand is ATC GCT. What is its complement?
TAG CGA
200
What is cytokinesis?
When the daughter cells split apart
200
Name the phases of mitosis in order.
PMAT
200
Where in a eukaryotic cell would you find DNA?
the nucleus
200
Comparing the nucleus of a cancer cell to a normal cell: Is it larger, smaller, or absent?
Larger
200
What type of bond holds the nitrogen bases together?
Hydrogen
300
Normal cells spend most of their time in ____phase.
inter
300
What phase comes right before cytokinesis?
telophase
300
What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to our understanding of DNA?
Her x-ray photograph led to the discovery of the double helix
300
Challenge: Define cancer in words
uncontrolled cell division
300
Helicase or DNA polymerase. Choose one, tell what it does.
Helicase separates DNA into single strands.
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the single strands of DNA.
400
Name all 4 phases of the cell cycle.
G1, S, G2, and M
400
Anaphase
400
What was the final result of the human genome project?
All human genes' locations are mapped
400
A cytopathologist is looking at a slide of cells to determine if they are cancer. What does she look for?
Cell size, shape, and features, the nucleus, growth pattern (organized or not)
400
Where do you find Okazaki fragments?
On the lagging strand
500
Cells in G0 do not ___ .
divide
500
In what phase does chromatin condense into chromosomes while the spindle start to form?
prophase
500
Fill in the blanks: DNA is comprised of many monomers called ___, which consist of a ___, a ___, and a ___ .
nucleotides,
phosphate,
sugar (deoxyribose),
nitrogen base.
500
The doctor tells you that your cancer has metastasized. What does that mean?
It has left its area of origin and gone to another part of the body.
500
Why is DNA replication described as semiconservative?
Each DNA molecule that results has one original strand and one new strand.
600
Name a cell type that would spend most of its life in G0.
neuron, muscle cell
600
A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do each of the daughter cells have after mitosis?
12
600
If a segment of DNA contains 15% cytosine, how much of the segment is adenine?
35%
600
Cancer is often caused by mutations during replication. What are the chances of a base mutation after all proofreading and checkpoints?
1 in 10 billion
600
In what direction does the leading strand add on new nucleotides?
Possible answers: toward the fork, toward helicase, 5' to 3', or draw a picture and show me.