Genetics
The passing of traits from parents to children.
What is heredity?
True or false: Evolution is organisms adapting to their environment.
What is false?
True or false: all living things are related and descended from a single common ancestor.
What is true?
A mechanism for evolution.
What is natural selection?
The genes of an organism which are typically represented by letters.
What is genotype?
The father of genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
What is false?
The study of how creatures develop before being born or hatching from an egg.
What is embryology?
The process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits of their choosing.
What is artificial selection or selective breeding?
The observable characteristics of an organism which are coded for by DNA.
Variations of a gene for a single trait.
What are alleles?
True or false: Evolution results from random genetic mutation.
What is true?
Structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past ancestor.
What are vestigial structures?
He developed what we now call "the theory of evolution by natural selection."
Who is Charles Darwin?
A change in an organism's genes.
What is a mutation?
The allele that can be hidden or carried.
What is a recessive allele?
The level at which natural selection happens: genetic, cell, organ, organ system, organism.
What is genetic level?
A concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time.
What is a common ancestor?
The presence of differences in sequences of genes between individual organisms of a species
What is genetic variation?
TT, Ff, GG, ii, XX, Pp
What are examples of genotypes?
Gregor Mendel studied these to learn about genetics.
What are pea plants?
A trait that is developed over a lifetime rather than passed from one generation to the next.
What is an acquired trait?
A whale's flipper, a human's arm, a bat's wing, and a lizard's leg all have the same bone structure.
What are homologous structures?
Traits that allow a plant, animal, or other organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
True or false: changes in the phenotype affect the genotype.