Back to Basics
Place the following "periods of motor development" in order starting with the oldest and ending with the most current
Maturational
Normative/Descriptive
Precursor
Process-Oriented
Precursor, Maturational, Normative/Descriptive, Process-Oriented
Define Static and Dynamic Balance.
What are distinct, independent abilities. As a motor ability, balance must be viewed as a multi-dimensional ability.
Throwing and kicking have a distinct beginning middle and end. In motor development these types of skills are known as
discrete skills
According to the article "Influence of aging on bimanual coordination control", it was concluded at which of the following factors were most influenced by age related to bimanual coordination?
maximum hand grip force
The directing of attention to specific aspects of our performance or performance environment
Attentional focus
Which researcher was NOT a part of the precursor period?
Darwin
Preyer
Tiedemann
Gesell
Gesell
Define Prehension.
An interaction of a subject with an event or entity that involves perception but not necessarily cognition
or
The act of grasping or seizing
"Every action has an equal and opposite reaction" is an example of
Newtons 3rd Law
Lobes of the cerebral cortex include _______. Select all that apply
Lateral
Frontal
Parietal
Upper
Occipital
Temporal
Lower
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Performance of a skill (or its parts) with little/no demand on attention
What is Automaticity
Maturationalists believe that development occurs automatically in sequential stages as a child ages, therefore language develops automatically as a child reaches that stage of development
True or False
Define the General Motor Ability Hypothesis.
General Motor Ability Hypothesis: Many motor abilities are highly related and can be grouped as a singular, global motor ability (Brace, 1927; McCloy, 1934)
The KTK movement battery was originally developed in Germany. KTK stands for ____?
Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder
Functions of the Cerebellum include...
Involved in control of smooth and accurate movements
Involved in control of eye-hand coordination, movement timing, posture
Serves as a type of movement error detection and correction system
Involved in learning motor skills
All are functions of the cerebellum
All are functions of the cerebellum
Visual search picks up information that influences 3 aspects of action preparation
Action selection
Constraining of the selected action
Timing of action initiation
Which researcher was NOT part of the Process-Oriented Period?
Mary Ann Roberton
Gibson
Wild
Kugler, Kelso, Turvey
Thelen
Wild
running, walking, skipping, galloping etc
All of the following define a "Rate limiter" in growth and maturation except?
Conserve energy
movement within an environment
optimized movement toward a goal
all options define a "rate limiter'
all options define a "rate limiter'
Number of independent elements in a system and the ways each element can act
What are Degrees of freedom
The definition of memory: Our capacity to remember
Memory is: “the capacity that permits organisms to benefit from past experiences” [Tulving, 1985]
Thus, Memory is structure comprised of two functional systems
Working memory
Long-term memory
The Exosystem refers to which of the following?
a.patterning of environmental events and transitions over the course of life.
b. Larger cultural context (Eastern vs Western culture, national economy, politics, subculture)
c. External environmental setting of indirect influence (parents workplace)
d. connections between immediate environments (childs home and school)
e. immediate environments (family, school, peer group, neighborhood and childcare
c. External environmental setting of indirect influence (parents workplace)
Give two examples of object control skills
throwing, kicking, striking, catching
Object control skills like throwing and kicking may be optimized by exploiting "absolutes". Name 3 of the 5 absolutes that were presented in class
1. Relative timing
2. Differentiated rotation
3. Linear translation of COM
4. Triple Extension
5. Preparatory alignment.
This type of "loop" does not use feedback: Control center provides all the information for effectors to carry out movement
Open-loop
There are three types of memory Systems in long-term memory. Name one correct answers
Procedural
Semantic
Episodic