Chapter 5
How many pairings of a CS with a US are required to establish a phobia?
One
Give an example of contagious behavior
Yawning, looking up, laughing, clapping, etc.
A conditioned aversion to one type of fish might end up becoming an aversion to other types of fish as well. What principle does this show?
Stimulus generalization
A disruption in responding due to an overly demanding response requirement is technically known as...
Ratio-strain
What is the only planet in our solar system to rotate clockwise on its axis?
Venus
Unlike systematic desensitization, this style of phobia treatment happens all at once.
Flooding
We found that filmed violence is as effective as live violence for inducing aggression and violence through what study?
Bandura’s Bobo Doll Study
It is easier to condition a taste aversion to an unfamiliar food item. What principle does this show?
Latent inhibition
Toward the end of a day in which she wrote several exams in a row, Susan felt none of the anxiety that she typically feels during exams. According to the process of _____, she might still feel some degree of anxiety at the start of another test the following week.
spontaneous recovery
Who is the most followed person on Instagram?
Cristiano Ronaldo
Someone using heroin always takes the drug in the same environment. Heroin decreases blood pressure, but over time, those environmental cues alone start to increase blood pressure even before the drug takes effect. What theory of classical conditioning best explains this?
Compensatory-response model
What is another name for a verbal description of a contingency?
A rule
Nausea induced through rapid smoking seems to create a stronger aversion to smoking than does electric shock paired with smoking. This scenario is most likely an example of:
CS-US relevance
Suppose you are waiting for the 6 p.m. news on TV. Every so often, you take a quick glance at the clock to see if it is now 6 p.m. The frequency with which you look at the clock will most likely resemble the response pattern produced by a _____ schedule of reinforcement.
Fixed interval
Who was the first winner of the show The Masked Singer?
T-Pain
What was the first step in Wolpe’s treatment procedure for phobias?
Training subject in relaxation
Observational learning in classical conditioning often involves stimuli that are _____ in nature.
Emotional
During a vacation trip to a desert, Bill was startled by a snake and subsequently became terrified of snakes. Over the years, he has also received several shocks from handling the frayed cord on his old toaster and now feels slightly uncomfortable while handling it. Which of the following would most likely account for the difference in the level of fear elicited in these two situations?
Biological preparedness
Every time Randy watches a horror movie, he has a nightmare that same evening. If he never has a nightmare except when he watches a horror movie, it would indicate a(n) _____ between watching horror movies and having nightmares.
Functional relationship
This singer was the first to have a Billboard no. 1 hit in each of the last four decades.
Mariah Carey
Suppose a US supports a maximum associative value of 30. According to the Rescorla-Wagner theory, if one CS in a compound stimulus has acquired 10 units of associative value, then the other CS will at most have acquired ______ units of associative value.
20
What is the ultimate determinant of whether a modeled behavior will be performed by an observer?
The consequences of the observer’s behavior.
The term _____ refers to an apparently irrelevant activity sometimes exhibited by animals when confronted by conflict or thwarted from attaining a goal.
Displacement activity
An animal’s response is reinforced in the presence of a tone that is 50 decibels (dB) in loudness, but not a tone that is 70 dB in loudness. In a test of generalization, the strongest response will most likely be to a tone that is (40, 60, 80, or 90) dB in loudness.
40
Name all of the Fast & Furious franchise movies in order of release. (Feature films only, including short films will award you incredible brownie points)
The Fast and the Furious, (Turbo Charged Prelude to 2 Fast 2 Furious), 2 Fast 2 Furious, The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift, (Los Bandoleros), Fast & Furious, Fast Five, Fast & Furious 6, Furious 7, The Fate of the Furious, Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Shaw, F9: The Fast Saga, Fast X