15th century
one of the most important ships of exploration that was small and fast and easily manueverable
caravel
_________ was the first European country to explore the Atlantic Ocean and the coast of Africa.
Portugal
A religious movement in the 16th century that started in Europe
reformation
Religious group founded by Ignatius of Loyola that focused on Christian education and missions
Jesuits
Better maps made long-distance sea travel ________
better/safer
In 1498, ____________ reached India by
sailing around Africa. This created a direct sea trade route between Europe and Asia.
Vasco da Gama
German monk who, in 1517, wrote the 95 Theses that criticized the Church, and started Protestantism
Martin Luther
In 1500 _________ reached the coast of South America and that land later became Brazil.
Pedro Álvares Cabral
Biggest cause for European overseas exploration in the 15th century was what
Desire for direct trade routes to Asia
The Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal did what?
This divided newly discovered lands between
the two empires.
What was the Counter-Reformation?
Reaction of the Catholic Church
Aimed to stop Protestantism
Tried to reform and improve the Church
Columbus sailed with what three ships?
Niña
Pinta
Santa María
What did guilds do in medieval society
Controlled prices and quality of products
Protected workers’ interests
Trained young workers
In 1519, _________ began the first expedition to sail around the world. He died during the trip. _________ completed the journey in 1522.
Ferdinand Magellan
Juan Sebastián Elcano
Give me 3 of Martin Luther's main ideas:
Salvation by faith alone
The Bible is the only authority
Rejected the Pope’s power
Translated the Bible into German
Give me any 3 characteristics of galleon ships
Designed for long ocean voyages
Could carry large cargo and cannons
Used for trade and military purposes
Important for the growth of maritime empires
Larger and stronger than caravel
Important goods traded with the far east during the 15th century:
Silk
Spices (pepper, cinnamon, cloves)
Precious stones
Perfumes and luxury goods
Exploration led to what results (4)?
New global trade routes
European colonies
Cultural exchange between continents
It also caused conflicts and major changes for
Indigenous peoples.
Causes of the reformation (4)?
Corruption in the Church
Sale of indulgences (paying for forgiveness)
Desire for religious change
New ideas from the Renaissance
Printing press helped spread ideas
Give me three results of the Reformation:
Europe divided into Catholic and Protestant
Religious wars
More control by kings
End of religious unity in Europe