Newton's Laws

Newton's First Law

100

What property does inertia depend on?

mass

200

A 15-kilogram cart is at rest on a horizontal surface. A 5-kilogram box is placed in the cart. Compared to the mass and inertia of the cart, the cart-box system has

1. more mass and more inertia
2. more mass and the same inertia
3. the same mass and more inertia
4. less mass and more inertia

Choice A- more mass and more inertia

300

The magnitude of an unbalanced force applied to a 4.0-kilogram crate is 10. newtons. If the magnitude of this applied unbalanced force is doubled, the inertia of the crate is

1. halved

2. unchanged

3. doubled

4. quadrupled

B unchanged

400

As shown in the diagram below, an open box and its contents have a combined mass of 5.0 kilograms. A horizontal force of 15 newtons is required to push the box at a constant speed of 1.5 meters per second across a level surface.

The inertia of the box and its contents increases if there is an increase in the

1. speed of the box
2. mass of the contents of the box
3. magnitude of the horizontal force applied to the box
4. coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the level surface

Choice B- mass of the contents of the box

500

Which object has the greatest inertia?

1. a 5.00-kg mass moving at 10.0 m/s
2. a 10.0-kg mass moving at 1.00 m/s
3. a 15.0-kg mass moving at 10.0 m/s
4. a 20.0-kg mass moving at 1.00 m/s

Choice D- a 20.0-kg mass moving at 1.00 m/s

Newton's Second Law

100

A force of 25 newtons east and a force of 25 newtons west act concurrently on a 5.0-kilogram cart. What is the acceleration of the cart?

0m/s²

200

An object weighing 2.0 newtons is pushed across a horizontal, frictionless surface by a horizontal force of 4.0 newtons. What is the magnitude of the net force acting on the object?

2N

300

A net force of one newton will

1. accelerate a 1-kg mass at 1.0 m/s²

2. accelerate a 1-kg mass at 9.8 m/s²

3. lift a l-kg mass vertically at a constant speed of 1.0 m/s

4. lift a 1-kg mass vertically at a constant speed of 9.8 m/s

Choice A

400

he diagram below represents two forces, F₁ and F₂, acting concurrently on a block sliding on a horizontal, frictionless surface.

Describe the motion of the block.

Moving at a constant speed. 

500

A 5.0-kilogram box is sliding across a level floor. The box is acted upon by a force of 27 newtons east and a frictional force of 17 newtons west. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the box?

2m/s²

Newton's Third Law

100

A student pulls a 60.-newton sled with a force having a magnitude of 20. newtons. What is the magnitude of the force that the sled exerts on the student?

20N

200

A 40.0-kilogram child exerts a 100.-newton force on a 50.0-kilogram object. What is the magnitude of the force that the object exerts on the child?

100N

300

A 60.-kilogram man is pushing a 30.-kilogram lawn mower. Compared to the magnitude of the force exerted on the lawn mower by the man, the magnitude of the force exerted on the man by the lawn mower is

1. one-quarter as great

2. one-half as great

3. the same

4. twice as great

Choice C- the same

400

A baseball bat exerts a force of magnitude F on a ball. If the mass of the bat is three times the mass of the ball, the magnitude of the force of the ball on the bat is

1. F
2. 2F
3. 3F
4. F/3

Choice A- F

500

Earth’s mass is approximately 81 times the mass of the Moon. If Earth exerts a gravitational force of magnitude F on the Moon, the magnitude of the gravitational force of the Moon on Earth is

1. F
2. 
3. 9F
4. 81F

Choice A -F

Universal Gravitation

100

The gravitational force of attraction between two objects would be increased by

1. doubling the mass of both objects, only
2. doubling the distance between the objects, only
3. doubling the mass of both objects and doubling the distance between the objects
4. doubling the mass of one object and doubling the distance between the objects

Choice A- doubling the mass of both objects, only

200

The diagram represents two satellites of equal mass, A and B, in circular orbits around a planet.

Compared to the magnitude of the gravitational force of attraction between satellite A and the planet, the magnitude of the gravitational force of attraction between satellite B and the planet is

1. half as great
2. twice as great
3. one-fourth as great
4. four times as great

Choice C- one-fourth as great

300

As a meteor moves from a distance of 16 Earth radii to a distance of 2 Earth radii from the center of Earth, the magnitude of the gravitational force between the meteor and Earth becomes

1.  as great
2. 8 times as great
3. 64 times as great
4. 4 times as great

Choice C- 64 times as great

400

When Earth and the Moon are separated by a distance of 3.84×10⁸ meters, the magnitude of the gravitational force of attraction between them is 2.0×10²⁰ newtons. What would be the magnitude of this gravitational force of attraction if Earth and the Moon were separated by a distance of 1.92×10⁸ meters?

1. 5.0 × 10¹⁹ N
2. 2.0 × 10²⁰ N
3. 4.0 × 10²⁰ N
4. 8.0 × 10²⁰ N

Choice D- 8.0 × 10²⁰ N

500

What is the magnitude of the gravitational force of attraction between two 0.425-kilogram soccer balls when the distance between their centers is 0.500 meter?

4.82 × 10⁻¹¹ N

Miscellaneous

100

The diagram below shows a horizontal 12-newton force being applied to two blocks, A and B, initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Block A has a mass of 1.0 kilogram and block B has a mass of 2.0 kilograms.

What is the magnitude of the acceleration of block B?

4m/s²

200

Which situation describes an object that has no unbalanced force acting on it?

1. an apple in free fall
2. a satellite orbiting Earth
3. a hockey puck moving at constant velocity across ice
4. a laboratory cart moving down a frictionless 30.° incline

Choice C- a hockey puck moving at constant velocity across ice

300

A box weighing 46 newtons rests on an incline that makes an angle of 25° with the horizontal. What is the magnitude of the component of the box’s weight perpendicular to the incline?

42 N

400

How would the mass and weight of an object on the Moon compare to the mass and weight of the same object on Earth?

Mass would be the same but its weight would be less on the Moon.

500

A 4.0-kilogram object is accelerated at 3.0 meters per second² north by an unbalanced force. The same unbalanced force acting on a 2.0-kilogram object will accelerate this object toward the north at what acceleration?

6.0 m/s²