Chapter 4
This rock material that is broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode
What is sediment?
This is the process that transports rocks, soil and sediments to a different location
What is erosion?
These are features on Earth's surface that are formed by natural processes
What are landforms
These are markings found on rocks on continents like Africa and Australia, that provide evidence that at one time they were further away from the equator.
What are glacial grooves?
This is the process of how rocks can change into other types of rocks
What is the rock cycle?
This process is important to the formation of sedimentary rocks and takes place after weathering and erosion happen
What is deposition?
This is the average temperature and precipitation of an area over a long period of time
What is climate?
This is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.
What is groundwater
This type of rock makes up the vast majority of the oceanic crust
What is igneous rock?
These are the processes by which the materials in a rock are changed into new materials
What is chemical weathering?
This process comes from the pressure that builds with each additional layer of sediment being deposited
What is compaction?
This term is defined as the shape and steepness of a landscape
What is topography?
This is a large deposit of sediment that forms where a river meets a large body of water
What is a delta
This landform found along the ocean floor is where sediment gathers and becomes thicker over time
What is the abyssal plain?
These deposited much of the sand found on the ocean floor
What are rivers?
This classification of igneous rocks is defined by the fact they solidify underground
What is extrusive?
This word meaning all the living organisms in a region
What is biota?
This is defined as the downhill movement of a large mass of rocks or soil because of gravity
What is mass wasting?
In science this word means conforming to a type, standard, or regular pattern
What is normal?
This device was used to read the magnetic signatures of samples of basalt
What is a magnetometer?
This type of metamorphism is typically happens at the boundary of plate tectonics
What is regional metamorphism?
This is the mixture of weathered rock, rock fragments, decayed organic matter, water, and air
What is soil?
This is the grinding away of rock or other surfaces as particles carried by wind, water, or ice scrape against them
What is abrasion?
What is basal drag?
This event creates metamorphic rocks beneath the surface of the Earth as magma is forced into the crust of the Earth.
What is magma intrusion?