Enzymes and Macromolecules
Cells/viruses
Organelles and DNA
Central Dogma
Misc
100
What monomer links together to form a protein?
An amino acid
100
This organelle packages proteins into vesicles?
The Golgi Apparatus (body)
100
This organelle is the site where mRNA is translated into proteins.
Ribosome
100
What is the central dogma?
Going from DNA --> RNA --> Protein (or mention something about transcription and translation)
100
What is the best way to spread news in science?
Something about an article in a peer-reviewed science journal
200
What macromolecule is an enzyme?
Protein
200
Which major structure is found in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes?
Nucleus
200
If the DNA strand is ATCATTA, what is the complementary RNA strand?
UAGUAAU
200
During translation, a messenger RNA (mRNA) codon is paired with...
the anticodon of a transfer RNA (tRNA)
200
When cells move material from an area of low concentration across a membrane into an area of higher concentration, this is...
Active transport
300
How are proteins different from one another?
They are different in the number and sequence of amino acids
300
Viruses are made of two main structures. What are they?
Protein coat (capsid) and nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
300
Explain how DNA replication is semi-conservative
Each new replication event has a DNA with one new strand and one old strand
300
Describe the sequence of steps in protein synthesis:
DNA is transcribed to RNA in the nucleus --> RNA carries the genetic information into the cytoplasm --> proteins are assembled at the ribosomes
300
During the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis, what is made?
Sugar
400
What are the monomers of DNA and RNA?
Nucleotides
400
Name three organelles that are different from plants and animals:
Chloroplast, cell wall, large central vacuole
400
Which organelle in your body helps you produce energy (ATP)?
Mitochondria
400
How many bases make up a "code" for RNA?
Three bases make one codon
400
What are the four nitrogenous bases (the whole names) of DNA and RNA?
DNA: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine. RNA: Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine.
500
What is another word for the "best" temperature? The _________ temperature.
Optimum
500
If a cell is submerged in very salty water, what will happen to its shape?
It will shrivel up like a prune!
500
Draw a nucleotide with the nitrogenous base adenine.
See drawing
500
If a mutation happens in the DNA, what do you think will happen to the proteins that are coded for by the DNA?
The proteins will be inactive (not work properly)
500
Describe the steps of DNA replication:
DNA unwinds, DNA strands separate, complementary nucleotides are added
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