Section 1.1
The study of soil is called...
pedology
What is reasoning from a specific evidence to a more general conclusion?
inductive reasoning
What is the top 5 to 15 cm of soil called?
topsoil
Which primary plant food element is essential for cell division, growth, and plant maturation?
phosphorus
Who of the following students doesn't care for spicy food.
Karissa
Kylan
Justin
Sophie
Sophie
A way of explaining an object or event by using a set of facts determined through experiments is a(n)...
theory
What is the ultimate purpose of inductive reasoning?
a. to determine cause and effect
b. to identify important differences
c. to develop specific conclusions
d. to make predictions
a. to determine cause and effect
What soil layer contains more mineral material and less organic material?
subsoil
What type of bacteria returns nitrogen to the atmosphere by converting nitrogen from nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen?
denitrifying bacteria
What is the surface of the water under the ground called?
water table
A conclusion based on reasoning is a(n)...
inference
If an if/then statement, what is the "then" part called?
consequent
Chemists express the degree of acidity or basicity of a substance using the ________which values from 0 - 14.
pH scale
What is the basic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen that enters the soil through the action of certain bacteria and the decay of plants and animals?
ammonia
What is the general term for water below the soils surface
groundwater
A good scientific experiment should include how many variables?
one
When Dustin sneezed, the power went out. To say, based on this evidence, that Dustin's sneeze caused the power to malfunction is a logic error called the ________ fallacy.
post hoc
True or false. If a soil sample is 9, then the sample is basic.
true
What word means "a nourishing substance"
nutrient
What term describes the ability of bedrock to inhibit water from easily passing through.
impermeable
Name the six steps of the scientific method...
1. State the Problem
2. Gather information
3. Formulate a Hypothesis
4. Test the Hypothesis
5. Record and Analyze
6. State the conclusion
What form of inductive reasoning involves comparing two situations that are the same except for one factor?
method of difference
What type of soil allows the most rain run off?
clay soil
The three basic soil substances that plants need to live are called...
primary plant food elements
What is the upward movement of water through a tiny space in response to surface tension?
capillary action