The Atom
What number is always included in the notation (naming) of isotopes?
mass number (number of protons + number of neutrons)
Which subatomic particle determines the charge and bonding behavior of an atom?
the electron
Name 2 pros and 2 cons of using the Bohr model to represent an atom.
pros - easy to draw, can see protons and neutrons in nucleus, can see which energy levels each electron is in
cons - is not 3 dimensional, does not show how electrons actually move around nucleus
Draw a Bohr model of Fluorine.
9 protons and 10 neutrons in center
2 energy levels (2 electrons in 1st, 7 electrons in 2nd)
Name the element in the same group as Barium (Ba) that has more protons than Lead (Pb).
Radium (Ra)
The attraction between __________ holds the nucleus of an atom together.
quarks (create a strong nuclear attraction)
On the periodic chart, what is another name for a "group"?
Which column of elements on the periodic table are least reactive and why?
noble gases (group 18)
outer energy level is full, making them more stable
Draw a Bohr model of oxygen.
8 protons and 8 neutrons in center
2 energy levels (2 electrons in 1st, 6 electrons in 2nd)
Name the element that has 4 energy levels and 5 valence electrons.
Arsenic (As)
An atom's volume is found in the ___________ and an atom's mass is found in the ____________________.
electron cloud
nucleus
Where are the alkali earth metals on the periodic chart?
2nd column
Would Cadmium or Tellurium be a better conductor of electricity? Why?
Cadmium is a metal (good conductors of electricity)
Tellurium is a metalloid (semi-conductor)
How are fluorine and oxygen similar and how are they different?
They both have 2 energy levels (with 2 in the 1st energy level)
Different number of protons, neutrons, and valence electrons
Name the halogen that has 2 energy levels.
Fluorine (F)
Are electrons attracted to or repulsed by the nucleus?
attracted (because of the positively charged protons in there)
If Sr had an isotope with atomic mass of 86.91 and an isotope with atomic mass of 87.91, which one is found most commonly in nature?
the one that has an atomic mass of 87.91
How is the plum pudding model different than the nuclear model of an atom?
plum pudding - positive fluid with negative electrons throughout
nuclear - positive center with mass and the negative electrons are around it
You have an element with a mass number of 7, 4 neutrons, and 2 electrons.
Is it an atom or ion? What's its name?
Atomic number? Number of protons?
It is an ion. Name is 7Li+1
Atomic number is 3. Has 3 protons.
Name the element that has 5 energy levels and is in the group with the most reactive metals.
Rubidium (Rb)
Identify each atom below as neutral or charged:
1st atom - 3 protons, 4 neutrons, 3 electrons
2nd atom - 7 protons, 7 neutrons, 5 electrons
3rd atom - 7 protons, 8 neutrons, 8 electrons
1st - neutral
2nd - charged (+2)
3rd - charged (- 1)
The mass number of isotope A is bigger than the mass number of isotope B (of the same element).
What accounts for the change in mass number?
Isotope A has more neutrons than isotope B
Name 3 characteristics of metals. Where are they located on the periodic table?
-shiny lustrous solids
-good conductors of heat and electricity
-loosely held valence electrons
located on the left side of periodic table
I have the following element: 15O -2
What is the atomic #? Is this an atom or ion?
What is the mass #? How many protons?
How many electrons? How many neutrons?
Atomic # is 8. This is an ion.
The mass number is 15. Contains 8 protons.
Has 10 electrons. Has 7 neutrons.
List 3 characteristics of nonmetals.
Where are they located on the periodic table?
-mostly gases
-poor conductors
-tightly held valence electrons
located on the right side