Unit 1 & 2
Which of the following is least likely to be an advantage of scientific models?
Ⓐ They can precisely replicate any scientific theory or law.
Ⓑ They can be used to help scientists formulate and improve hypotheses.
Ⓒ They can be used to visually represent objects that are very small or very large.
Ⓓ They can be used to simplify complex concepts so that they are better understood.
Ⓐ They can precisely replicate any scientific theory or law.
Which of the following is a category of waves?
a) transverse
b) longitudinal
c) electromagnetic
d) physical
d) physical
Jody uses a magnifying glass, also known as a hand lens, to observe a stamp.
What happens to the light as it passes through the lens to cause the figure of the stamp to appear larger than the real stamp?
Ⓐ The light is reflected.
Ⓑ The light is refracted.
Ⓒ The light is scattered.
Ⓓ The light is absorbed.
Ⓑ The light is refracted.
TRUE/FALSE:
Wind is a type of wave energy.
TRUE
Name 5 human senses?
Touch
Smell
Sight
Taste
Hearing
In scientific research, scientists should clearly publish the procedures used in their experiments, along with their observations and data. Why is it important for someone else to know the procedure?
Ⓐ Knowing the procedure allows for the repetition of the experiment.
Ⓑ Knowing the procedure allows for the replication of the experiment.
Ⓒ Knowing the procedure helps others understand the reasons for the experiment.
Ⓓ Knowing the procedure can explain how the data were interpreted by the scientist.
Ⓑ Knowing the procedure allows for the replication of the experiment.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a transverse wave?
a) ripples on the surface of water
b) Seismic P-waves
c) Seismic S-waves
d) electromagnetic waves
b) Seismic P-waves
The hands on a battery-powered watch are able to move because the energy transforms from one form to another. Which of the sequences below illustrates this transformation?
Ⓐ chemical-electrical-mechanical
Ⓑ chemical-mechanical-electrical
Ⓒ electrical-chemical-mechanical
Ⓓ mechanical-chemical-electrical
Ⓐ chemical-electrical-mechanical
Which is not a renewable source of energy?
a) hydro-electricity
b) petroleum
c) solar
d) wind
b) petroleum
What is the largest rain forest in the world?
The Amazon
Early astronomers made valid discoveries by observing the night sky with simple telescopes. Which statement below applies to these early discoveries?
Ⓐ Not all scientific knowledge about the night sky comes from experiments.
Ⓑ Data from modern telescopes have disproved early observations of the night sky.
Ⓒ Observations of the night sky with simple telescopes are not enough to make valid discoveries.
Ⓓ Discoveries about the night sky were not made until astronomers used complicated scientific equipment.
Ⓐ Not all scientific knowledge about the night sky comes from experiments.
As you move from left to right along the diagram, which statement is true regarding the energy and wavelength of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum?
Ⓐ The wavelength gets longer and the energy increases.
Ⓑ The wavelength gets longer and the energy decreases.
Ⓒ The wavelength gets shorter and the energy increases.
Ⓓ The wavelength gets shorter and the energy decreases.
Ⓒ The wavelength gets shorter and the energy increases.
Barbara is conducting an experiment to observe heat flow. She places one piece of metal in a freezer at -18 degrees Celsius (°C) and a second piece of metal in an oven at 200 °C. After 2 hours, she takes the metal pieces out of the freezer and oven and places them both in the same beaker of boiling water for two minutes. Which of the following best describes how some of the heat will initially move in this system?
Ⓐ Heat will flow from the frozen metal into the hot metal.
Ⓑ Heat will flow from the boiling water into the hot metal.
Ⓒ Heat will flow from the boiling water into the frozen metal.
Ⓓ Heat will flow from the frozen metal into the boiling water.
Ⓒ Heat will flow from the boiling water into the frozen metal.
What is the biggest difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?
Ⓐ Laws explain the physical sciences, while theories explain only the life sciences.
Ⓑ Laws are demonstrated in nature frequently, while theories are demonstrated less regularly.
Ⓒ Laws take only temporary events into account, while theories discuss long term phenomena.
Ⓓ Laws describe the events that occur in nature under certain conditions, while theories explain how nature works
Ⓓ Laws describe the events that occur in nature under certain conditions, while theories explain how nature works
“Windy City” is the nickname used for which city?
Chicago
Engineers are designing a community center building that will also be an emergency shelter.
The engineers are planning to work with a meteorologist, an architect, and various health officials as they conduct tests to make sure that the community center will be safe during a majority of hurricanes and other severe storms.
Which of the following would be the most effective procedure to ensure the safety of the community center?
Ⓐ The engineers should work with the health officials to determine how hospitals will respond in an emergency.
Ⓑ The engineers should work with a health official to predict the health effects of the emergency shelter on the community center.
Ⓒ The engineers should work with a meteorologist to model how hurricane force winds will affect the community center building.
Ⓓ The engineers should work with architects to determine the effects of hurricane force winds on other buildings in the same area.
Ⓒ The engineers should work with a meteorologist to model how hurricane force winds will affect the community center building.
Miners are deep below ground, working on a metal pipe in the mineshaft that goes up to the surface. The workers bang on the pipe and yell out loudly to talk to one another.
If a worker is coming down the mineshaft to join the team, what will he hear first? (Hint: the closer the molecules in the medium, the faster the energy can travel)
Ⓐ He will not hear anything until he gets very close because sound waves travel very slowly.
Ⓑ He will hear the workers yelling first because sound waves travel through air faster than they travel through metal.
Ⓒ He will hear the banging on the pipe first because sound waves travel through metal faster than they travel through air.
Ⓓ He will hear banging on the pipes and the workers yelling at the same time because sound waves travel at the same speed through metal and air.
Ⓒ He will hear the banging on the pipe first because sound waves travel through metal faster than they travel through air.
As heat is slowly added to a glass of ice water, the temperature remains at 0 degrees Celsius (ºC). Which of the following statements explains why the temperature of the mixture of ice and water remains constant as heat is added?
Ⓐ Heat is stored in the solid ice.
Ⓑ Heat is stored in the liquid water.
Ⓒ Heat is used to turn the solid ice into liquid water.
Ⓓ Heat is absorbed equally by the solid ice and the liquid water
Ⓓ Heat is absorbed equally by the solid ice and the liquid water
What is tidal energy?
Tidal energy is energy produced by the tides of the ocean. Tides are produced by the pull of gravity from the Moon as well as the spin of the Earth. There is a lot of energy in the movement of that much water.
75% of 1000 is what?
750
Shawn will conduct a study by rolling a toy car down a ramp. He plans to set the height of the ramp at 30 centimeters (cm) and record how long it takes the toy car to reach the end of the ramp. After repeating this process multiple times, he will add a block with a mass of 10 grams (g) to the toy car and record how long it takes the toy car to reach the end of the ramp. After conducting several trials, he will add another block with a mass of 10g to the toy car and record how long it takes the toy car to reach the end of the ramp. After conducting multiple trials, he will analyze his data and draw a conclusion.
Which statement correctly identifies the test variable (independent variable) and the outcome variable (dependent variable) of the study?
Ⓐ "Mass" is the test variable (independent variable) and "Time" is the outcome variable (dependent variable).
Ⓑ "Height" is the test variable (independent variable) and "Time" is the outcome variable (dependent variable).
Ⓒ "Height" is the test variable (independent variable) and "Mass" is the outcome variable (dependent variable).
Ⓓ "Mass" is the test variable (independent variable) and "Height" is the outcome variable (dependent variable).
Ⓐ "Mass" is the test variable (independent variable) and "Time" is the outcome variable (dependent variable).
Which energy transformation occurs in a rubber band-powered model airplane when it is flown?
Ⓐ Kinetic energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into thermal energy used by the propeller.
Ⓑ Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into thermal energy used by the propeller.
Ⓒ Kinetic energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into nuclear energy used by the propeller.
Ⓓ Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into kinetic energy used by the propeller.
Ⓓ Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into kinetic energy used by the propeller.
When a basketball player makes a bounce pass to another player, the bounce height is lower for each subsequent bounce and the energy of the ball decreases. What is the main reason that the bounce height decreases?
Ⓐ The energy from the pass has been destroyed.
Ⓑ The energy from the pass has been conserved.
Ⓒ The energy from the pass has been transferred to the floor.
Ⓓ The energy from the pass has been transformed into horizontal motion.
Ⓒ The energy from the pass has been transferred to the floor.
A biologist used the Internet to contact scientists around the world to obtain information about declining amphibian populations. He was able to gather data on 936 populations of amphibians, consisting of 157 species from 37 countries, over a span of 37 years. Results showed that the overall numbers of amphibians dropped 15% per year from 1960 to 1966 and continued to decline about 2% per year through 1997.
What is the importance of collecting an extensive amount of data such as this?
Ⓐ Results from all parts of the world will be found to be identical.
Ⓑ The quantity of data will lead to a better understanding of the extent of the problem.
Ⓒ The data collected will prove that all animal populations around the world are threatened.
Ⓓ Researchers will now be certain that the decline in the amphibian populations is due to pesticides.
Ⓑ The quantity of data will lead to a better understanding of the extent of the problem.
Which fish has no brain or heart?
Jelly fish