Air
The Atmosphere
Seasons
Heat Transfer
Vocabulary
100
A mixture of gases that make up the atmoshere is _______.
Air
100
The layer of gases that surround a planet or star is called __________.
The atmosphere
100
What is a rotation? What is a revolution? Give the duration of each.
Rotation- the movement of the Earth on its axis. (24 hours) Revolution- the movement of the Earth as it travels in an elliptical orbit around the sun (365 1/4 days)
100
What are the 3 ways that heat can travel?
Radiation Conduction Convection
100
Define axis.
The imaginary line that goes straight through the center of the earth. This is what Earth rotates on.
200
What is a permanent gas?
A gas that stays constant, the concentration remains the same.
200
How many layers of the atmosphere are there?
5
200
The tilt of the earth always points towards the ______________.
The North Star
200
Convection happens only in what substance?
Gas or liquids.
200
What is solar energy?
Radiant heat produced by the sun. It is both light and heat.
300
What is a variable gas?
Gases that change in concentration, in response to the environment.
300
What layer of the atmosphere does weather occur in?
Troposphere
300
Earth's axis always points at an angle of _______.
23.5 degrees
300
What is Radiation? Give an example.
Radiation- When electromagnetic waves travel through space. -The sun warms earth through the transfer of electromagnetic waves. -Campfire -Microwave Oven -Light Bulb
300
Define solar angle.
It is the angle of the sun in the sky. Always gives off the same solar energy. The one with the smaller solar angle reduces the effect of radiation by spreading over a larger area.
400
Give 3 examples of variable gases.
Carbon Dioxide Ozone Water Vapor
400
What is the ionosphere? Where is it located?
The ionosphere is a layer located within the thermosphere. It is not its own layer.
400
What is it called when the earth and sun are closest to each other? What season does this take place?
Perihelion. This occurs in the winter.
400
What is Conduction? Give and example.
Conduction is the transfer of heat (energy) when two substances make contact. The hotter substance gives off kinetic energy to the colder substance. -Hot soup and a spoon -Touching a hot pan
400
Define temperature.
The measure of the average kinetic energy in a substance.
500
During daylight hours, plants and algae take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. If humans continue to destroy the rain forest, what might happen to the balance of thes gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen)?
There will be more carbon dioxide in the air and less oxygen, because plants will no longer be able to take in Carbon Dioxide and release Oxygen.
500
Explain why earth has tolerable temperatures.
Because it is the right distance from the sun. It is also protected by the layer of gases (atmosphere), which keeps the temperatures in a range in which we can comfortably live in.
500
What causes the Earth to experience seasons? Describe.
The tilt of the Earth's axis and the Earth's revolution around the sun causes the Earth to experience different seasons.
500
What is Convection? Give an example.
Convection is the movement of gases or liquids caused by heat transfer, as they gain and lose kinetic energy. Gas or liquid is heated, warms, expands, and rises because it becomes less dense. When the gas or liquid cools, it becomes more dense and falls. As the gas or liquid warms and rises, or cools and falls, it creates a convection current. -Wind currents -Hot air balloon -Lower floors of a building -Warmer water at the top of a lake or pool
500
Aphelion
The point at which the sun and earth are farthest apart. This occurs in summer.
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