What units are used to measure temperature on a thermometer?
˚C (or ˚F)
100
What occurs in the troposphere?
weather and clouds
100
Describe molecules in hot and cold objects and explain how heat transfers.
hot objects have fast moving particles and cooler objects have slower moving particles | Heat energy flows from areas with more heat to areas with less heat
100
What is precipitation and why does it happen?
When the air cannot hold anymore water, it falls as rain, snow, etc.
200
Is severe weather safe? Why or why not?
[varies]
200
What tool measures wind direction? What unit is it measured in?
wind vane | compass direction
200
What is in the stratosphere?
ozone layer
200
Describe conduction and use an example.
heat transfer through direct contact | requires contact between two items | example: touching hot metal and holding ice cube
200
What is condensation?
As water vapor gets higher into the atmosphere, it changes into little droplets of ice/water due to the temperature drop. The particles get closer together to form bigger droplets.
300
What is meteorology? What are meteorologists?
Meteorology is the study of Earth’s weather. Meteorologists study the weather.
300
What tool measures wind speed? What unit is it measured in?
anemometer | kph (or mph)
300
What occurs in the exosphere?
transition between atmosphere and outer space
300
Describe radiation and use an example.
heat transfer through space | does not require objects to be in contact | example: heat from fire
300
What are the two ways that water vapor can get into the air? Explain what each are.
evaporation and sublimation (evaporation - water from bodies of water turn to water vapor) (sublimation - ice turns straight to water vapor without being a liquid first)
400
What is humidity?
the amount of water vapor that is in the air
400
What tool measures humidity? What unit is it measured in?
hygrometer hydrometer | percent %
400
What occurs in the mesosphere?
meteors burn up and it helps to protect earth
400
Describe convection and use an example.
heat transfer through movement of particles | involving liquid and/or gas | example: hot air balloon
400
Describe the three kinds of accumulation / collection.
RUNOFF – water running downhill over soil to get back to bodies of water | TRANSPIRATION – absorbed by plants and used for photosynthesis and then released back into air | INFILTRATION – goes deep into earth’s surface
500
What is air pressure?
the amount of force pushing down on the Earth
500
What tool measures air pressure? What unit is it measured in?
barometer | millibars mb
500
What occurs in the thermosphere?
Aurora Borealis (northern lights) and Aurora Australis (southern lights)
500
How does heat transfer affect weather?
movements of air might move clouds; may affect temperature