Roles in Society
The feudal system is a system based on the exchange of .......
land.
Who controlled the manor and manor house?
A lord
What was the pillory?
Pillory was used for public punishment, where offenders were locked in place and subjected to humiliation and abuse by the crowd.
What was the name of the Catholic Church's courts and laws?
Canon Law
90 per cent of medieval Europeans were .......
Peasants
Why is the Magna Carta an important document?
The King now had to follow the law and people could protest against unjust laws.
What was the common?
This is where villagers shared grazing land for their animals.
Who decided if someone was guilty in a trial by ordeal?
God
Who made the Pope in Rome the most powerful position in the Christian church?
Pope Gregory
Name another job a serf could do besides farming
Blacksmith, carpenter etc.
Who brought feudalism to England?
William the Conqueror/Normandy
Describe the huts where the peasants lived (what were they made of? Did they have windows?)
one- or two-roomed wooden huts with clay walls, unglazed window holes, dirt floors and thatched roofs.
Form of torture. Crushed thumbs to a pulp in hope of extracting a confession.
What did the nobles do to try and gain favour with God?
To gain favour with God, many nobles left land, property and money to the Catholic Church, which became richer than most kings. It controlled about one-third of the land in Europe
Who did the villeins have to ask permission before they could leave the village, get married, sell their animals, or have their children taught to read and write?
Lords
What year was the Magna Carta signed in?
1215
Who was the bailiff?
The person who collected taxes and ensured directions were carried out.
Who introduced trial by jury?
Henry II
Why did the King ask the Pope to approve laws?
Kings asked the Pope to approve many of their decisions rather than taking the risk of the Pope ordering people to act against them
What was the three field system?
land was divided into three sections, with two fields planted while the third rested, allowing for crop rotation and improved soil fertility.
Who created feudalism to help him control large areas of land?
Charlemagne
Why did the nobility eat vegetables?
The nobility didn’t like eating vegetables because they thought these were a food for the lower classes.
What was trial by compurgation?
12 people had to recite a special oath to claim someone’s innocence. Any mistakes would supposedly cause the oath to ‘burst’ and prove that the accused person was guilty.
What year did Christianity formally split into Catholicism (centred on Rome) in western Europe and the Orthodox Church (centred on Constantinople) in the east?
1054
List three of the main foods that peasants ate.
Their main foods were bread, cheese, pottage and perhaps also some vegetables. They drank water or ale.