Conjunctions
Our planet is either / neither too cold nor / or too hot in order to sustain life.
neither ... nor
It was the heavy fog that caused the terrible accident, which killed 26 people. (due to)
Due to the heavy fog that caused the terrible accident, 26 people died.
Wearing a seat belt prevents you from ___________ (fly) through the windscreen in a crash.
flying
It will be relaxing for all of us ____________ (have) a long holiday.
to have
choose
choose + to infinitive
I chose to avoid making any comments
I can't concentrate on my work since / due to my headache.
due to = because of
You should choose your words carefully; so that you won't hurt anybody's feelings. (in order)
You should choose your words carefully in order no to hurt anybody's feelings.
Remember ______________ (buy) a loaf of bread before you come home.
to buy
I put some bread outside my window ___________ (feed) the birds in winter.
to feed
seem
seem + to infinitive
I seem to know this man from somewhere
Scientists still haven't been able to find a cure for cancer although / in spite of / for fear of working on it for decades.
in spite of = despite
Although the room was noisy, the baby was sleeping soundly. (in spite of)
In spite of the noisy room, the baby was sleeping soundly.
I don't enjoy (ask)___________ personal questions.
being asked
Frank does not want to (disturb) _____________ this afternoon.
to be disturbed
resist
She can't resist eating sweets.
Milk is pasteurized with the aim of / in order to / for fear of lengthening its shelf life.
with the aim of
The PC crashed again as soon as we got it repaired. (no sooner...than)
We no sooner got the PC repaired than it crashed again.
The man is thought ______________ (cause) the accident.
to have caused
The student admitted ____________ (cheat) in the exam.
having cheated / cheating
deny
deny + gerund
He denied having broken / breaking the plate.
Whereas / Notwithstanding / Supposing some inventions are the results of painstaking research, others came with a flash of inspiration or an accidental discovery."
Whereas
As soon as the traffic lights turned yellow, the driver behind sounded the horn. (Hardly...when)
Hardly did the traffic lights turn yellow when the driver behind sounded the horn.
The traffic lights hardly turned yellow when the driver behind sounded the horn.
Most people remember _________________ (teach) the rules of grammar at school but they can't remember what they have been taught.
having been taught
The goat is thought (domesticate) ______________ ten thousand years ago.
to have been domesticated
claim
claim + to infinitive
This product claims to remove all kinds of stains.