Circulatory
System
System
What two circulation circuits make up the 'CARDIAC CYCLE?'
Systemic circulation - which carries blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.
Pulmonary circulation - which carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back again.
List the 3 main sections that make up the respiratory system.
2. Lungs
3. Diaphragm
What is the role of a warm up?
To prepare the body for both physiological and psychological upcoming work.
What are the two energy systems that require oxygen?
Lactic acid system
Aerobic system
What is the difference between health-related and skill-related components of fitness?
Health related is associated with health and fitness and more important for a healthy lifestyle, whereas skill-related is associated with athletic ability and is important to improve performance in particular sports/physical activity.
Give me ONE example of dynamic balance.
Either:
Catching a wave whilst surfing
Riding a skateboard
Kicking a ball in soccer
Player continuing to move after being hit in a tackle by an opposing player
What is the role of an artery VS a vein?
An artery carries blood away from the heart, whereas a vein carries blood towards the heart.
What type of muscle is the diaphragm?
Involuntary or smooth muscle.
What should an effective warm up entail?
Safe techniques (types of stretches) are applied thorughout.
Provide an example of each energy system being used.
Throwing, jumping, sprinting, weight lifting
Lactic acid system:
400m sprint, 200m swim, repeated high intensity efforts in a game
Aerobic system:
AFL game, Marathon, Cycling race
List all 5 Health-related fitness components.
Cardiorespiratory Endurance
Muscular Strength
Muscular Endurance
Flexibility
Body Composition
List the four stages of the basic coaching/teaching process (IN ORDER)
2. Demonstrate and explain the skill
3. Practice the skill
4. Correct errors/provide feedback
What is the difference between hypothermia and hyperthemia?
Hypothermia is when the body becomes too cold (below 35 degrees), hyperthermia is when the body becomes too hot (above 38 degrees).
What is the equation that makes up ventilation?
Ventilation = Tidal volume x Respiratory Rate
Gradual reduction in intensity of exercise to assist the body with recovery following physical activity. To prevent injury and muscle soreness.
Identify the maximal effort time for each energy system.
ATP-CP: 0-10 seconds
Lactic acid system: 10-60 seconds
Aerobic system: 1 minute and beyond
List all 6 Skill-related fitness componenets.
Agility
Balance
Coordination
Reaction Time
Speed
Power
KTPs OR Criteria
Criteria met (YES/NO)
Comment
Explain how blood travels through the heart in 4 main steps.
Left atrium (receives oxygenated blood)
Right atrium (receives deoxygenated blood)
Left ventricle (pumps oxygenated blood)
Right ventricle (pumps deoxygenated blood)
There are 8 sections that make up the air passages in the respiratory system. Please list all 8 of them.
Nasal Cavity
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
List the 4 essential parts of an effective cool down.
1. Gentle aerobic movement and breathing.
2. Rehydration and refuelling of energy stores.
3. Static stretching specific to the game.
4. Safe techniques.
Describe the difference between active and passive recovery. Provide an example of each.
Passive recovery allows your body to heal and recuperate without engaging in strenuous exercise. For example: stretching, light walk, massage
Active recovery involves performing low-intensity exercises after strenuous activity. For example, light jog, swimming, yoga
What is the definition of fitness?
‘the ability to perform moderate to
vigorous levels of physical activity
without undue fatigue, & the capability
of maintaining such ability throughout life’
The Fitts and Posner phases of learning has THREE stages. List all three in order and explain what they entail.
1. Cognitive - initial phase of learning where there is emphasis on conscious understanding of the task requirements. (WHAT IS TO BE DONE)
2. Associative - movement patterns become more refined and consistent through practice. (REFINE TECHNIQUE)
3. Autonomous - skill is almost automatic and there is little need for constant attention. (FOCUS ON STRATEGY AND TACTICS)
Circulate blood to body
Transport O2, water and nutrients to cells in the blood
Transport CO2 and wastes away from the cells
Maintain body temperature
White blood cells fight infection
What are the five functions of the respiratory system?
1. Deliver oxygen from the atmosphere to the lungs
2. Provide method of gaseous exchange within the lungs
Oxygen enters the blood, carbon dioxide exits
3. Create speech as air passes over the vocal cords
4. Facilitate sense of smell
5. Expel heat and water vapor in the air breathed out
An effective warmup has 3 main phases. List each phase and apply this to a sport of your choice.
AFL Example
1. Aerobic/continuous activity phase - jog a lap
2. Stretching/dynamic phase - dynamic stretching (5 mins)
3. Activity/specific to the game phase - drills/match sim
Identify the three energy systems and identity two characteristics of each.
ATP-CP: anaerobic - no oxygen required, most rapid supply of energy, used for any high power and short duration activity, 0-10 seconds, muscle stores are limited
Lactic acid system: anaerobic - no oxygen required, rapid supply of oxygen, fuel is carbohydrates, 10-60 seconds, lactic acid produced causes fatigue
Aerobic system: uses oxygen, slow supply of oxygen, fuelled by glucose, fats and protein; unlimited ATP production, used for long duration endurance activities.
Identify 3 different components of fitness and a test that you can use for each to measure the component.
E.g.
muscular strength - grip test
muscular endurance - chin-up test
cardiorespiratory endurance - step test
flexibility - sit and reach test
body composition - sum of skin folds
Explain the definition of centre of gravity and how you determine an athletes Centre of Gravity (COG).