First Persian Wars
In what year did the Battle of Marathon occur?
490 BC
What two elements did Xerxes demand to submit to the Persian Empire?
Earth and Water
What is the name of the first battle in the Second Persian Wars?
Battle of Thermopylae
Which Persian leader stayed behind in Greece during winer?
Mardonius, Xerxes' uncle
From what age did the Persian boys begin their education?
5
Why did the Spartans refuse to help the Athenians during the First Persian War?
Because they were celebrating a religious festival, which forbid them to participate in battles.
Who opposed Themistocles' idea to build a navy and distribute 10 drachmas to the Athenian people?
Aristides
Who betrayed the Greeks and told Xerxes a secret goat passage at the Battle of Thermopylae?
Ephialtes
What did the united Greek city-states do after their victory in the Battle of Plataea?
They built the "Serpent Column", dedicating it to Apollo
What is the name of the system that Persian kings used to administer the empire?
Satrapy system
What tactic did Miltiades use in the Battle of Marathon to ensure a Greek victory?
The Greek phalanx was spread out to match the Persian wing.
What archaeological evidence reveals Themistocles' decision to evacuate Athens before the war began?
The Troezen Inscription (The Troezen Decree)
Which individual opposed Xerxes to not fight the Greeks before the Battle of Salamis?
Artemisia I
What two other Greek city-states remain with the Spartans at the end of the Battle of Thermopylae?
Thesbians, Thebans
List the 5 features of Persian Kingship.
Administration of the Empire, Religious policy, Building policy, Expansion of the Empire, Legitimacy/Public Image
Which Greek political figure guided the Persians to the First Invasion of Greece?
Hippias / Hyppias (ex-tyrant of Athens)
What is the name of the two bodies of water that Xerxes bridged whilst preparing for the second invasion of Greece?
Styrmon River and the Hellespont (strait)
Excluding Athens and Sparta, name any 3 Greek city-states to fight in the Battle of Plataea.
Any 3 from the following:
Tegea, Corinth, Potidaea, Orchomenos, Sicyon, Epidaurus, Troezen, Lepreum, Mycenae, Tiryns, Philus, Hermione, Thespiae, Eretria, Styra, Chalcis, Ambracia, Leucas, Anactorium, Pale, Aegina, Megara, Plataea.
Which Spartan king led the Battle of Mycale?
King Leotychidas II
Which three conquered territories become the core of the Persian navy?
Phoenicia, Egypt, Ionia
What is the name of the Greek polemarch who ended up listening to Miltiades' advice to advance in the Battle of Marathon?
Callimachus
What is the name of the priestess who gave oracles from Apollo at the Delphic Oracle?
Pythia
What is the name of Themistocles' servant who sent a fake message to Xerxes before the Battle of Salamis?
Sicinnus
What is the name of the spring that Mardonius poisoned to cut off the Greek water supply in the Battle of Plataea?
Gargaphia Spring
Where did historians discover this quote from Darius?
"By the grace of Ahuramazda am I king; Ahuramazda has granted me the kingdom."
The Behistun Inscription