Layers of the Earth
This layer is the outermost part of the Earth, made mostly of solid rock.
Crust.
A volcano that has not erupted in a long time but could erupt again.
Dormant volcano.
What causes earthquakes?
The movement of plate tectonics.
What is a tsunami caused by?
Underwater earthquakes.
Name five natural disasters.
Volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes.
This layer is beneath the crust and is made of hot, molten rock.
Mantle.
The hot melted rock substance when a volcano erupts.
Lava.
Earthquakes under the water can cause...
tsunamis.
What are most tsunamis caused by?
Earthquake.
What natural disaster occurs over 1000 times a day, but is usually too small for people to notice?
This layer of the Earth is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates.
Mantle.
This is the term for the opening at the top of a volcano where gases, ash and lava escape.
Crater.
Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...
tectonic plates.
Which country has the longest recorded history of tsunamis?
Japan.
What is a giant storm that begins at sea, sometimes crashes into land, and is given a name?
Hurricane.
This is the very centre of the Earth, made mostly of iron and nickel, and is divided into two parts.
Core.
A volcano that most probably won't erupt ever again.
Extinct volcano.
What is in the Pacific ocean regarding volcanoes and earthquakes?
Ring of fire.
Before a tsunami the coastal sea depth normally...
falls suddenly.
Name the natural disaster that has strong winds, but does NOT start in the ocean?
Tornadoes.
The Earth's inner core is mostly made of this metal, which is solid due to high pressure.
Iron.
The volcano that is famous for its eruption in year 79.
Vesuvius.
What is the scale used to measure the strengths of earthquakes?
Richter scale.
How many km per hour can tsunami travel?
About 600 km per hour.
Waht is the device that uses special weights and magnetic fields to measure the movement of the ground?
Seismograph.