4.1 Biological molecules
The molecules of this sugar combine to form polysaccharides: starch, cellulose, and glycogen.
Glucose
Name part of an enzyme that combines with a substrate
Active site
State substrates for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide and water
What are the cells that make up the stomat called?
guard cells
Name the organelle responsible for photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Name the four classes of biological molecules
Carbohydrates, lipids (fats and oils), proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
Explain what catalyst is.
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction
What chemical converts energy from light into energy in chemicals
Chlorophyll
What is the cuticle?
Waxy layer on upper epidermis that limits water loss to evaporation.
What can you measure to assess the efficiency of photosynthesis?
presence of starch and oxygen production
Which nitrogenous base does cytosine pair with in DNA?
Guanine
Explain what "The optimum pH" is
the pH at which the enzyme works best
List the limiting factors of photosynthesis
Light intensity
Temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration
Water availability
List two tissues that make upvascular bundels
xylem & phloem
What is the chemical name for fats and oils?
triglycerides
How many types of amino acids make up proteins?
20
Distinguish between catabolic and anabolic reactions
Catabolic reactions break down larger, complex substrates into smaller products
Anabolic reactions build larger complex products from smaller substrates
State in which tissue the products of photosynthesis are transported to the roots
phloem
In which tissue does most photosynthesis take place?
Palisade Mesophyll
Explain what polymers are
Substances made of repeating subunits (monomeres), joined together by chemical bonds
What reagent will you use to detect protein in the sample?
Biuret reagent. (Copper Sulfate & Sodium Hydroxide)
Describe effects of temperature on enzymes activity
Enzyme activity increases with temperature
Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they function best
At higher temperatures enzymes are denatured and rate of reaction falls
Which metal ions are essential for photosynthesis?
Magnesium
Jakie rośliny posiadają aparaty szparkowe na górnej powieszchni liścia?
plants that float on the water
What reagent can you use to detect the presence of vitamin C in a sample?
DCPIP