Scientific Method
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Making an observation
What is Respiration?
The breakdown of food (glucose) to release energy
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
What makes bones strong?
What makes bones light?
Compact bone and spongy bone
What is the electric message that the brain sends called?
Impulse
What step of the scientific method describes the observations or measurements collected in experiments?
Data / Results
What do intercostal muscles do when a person exhales?
relax
Where are blood cells made?
Bone Marrow
Where are bone cells made?
Osteoblasts
What are muscles that work together called?
Antagonistic Muscles
Mahmoud intends to conduct a scientific experiment. Outline the steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order that he should follow to ensure a successful experiment.
1. Observation
2. Question
3. Hypothesis
4. Prediction (if skipped, it is fine)
5. Experiment
6. Results
7. Conclusion
What are two adaptations of muscle cells?
- have long strands that can contract and relax / change shape
- Muscle cells have more mitochondria than other cells
What are the three blood vessels and state the function of each.
Veins: Carry mostly deoxygenated blood towards the heart
Arteries: Carry mostly oxygenated blood away from the heart
Capillaries: have very thin walls so that nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide can enter and leave the blood.
What type of joint allows movement in one direction?
Hinge Joint
Why do muscles need to work in pairs?
Because muscles can only pull not push
Sarah was walking to school one day when she noticed that one side of the sidewalk had a lot more plants than the other.
a. What step of the scientific method does this statement show?
b. State a hypothesis / prediction Jana can make.
a. Observation
b. That that side of the sidewalk gets more sun / is watered more / gets more nutrients.
If Abdul Muiz breathes in and out 65 times in 5 minutes, what is his breathing rate?
13 breaths per minute
Name the four components of blood and state the functions of each.
RBCs: transport oxygen around the body
WBCs: fight infections
Plasma: Nutrients and waste materials are dissolved in the plasma to be transported by blood
Platelets: stops bleeding (helps with blood clotting)
What is the difference between ligaments and tendons?
Ligaments: Connect bone to bone
Tendons: Connect muscle to bone
Fill in the blanks:
Newtons in the unit of _________. It can be measured using a _____________.
force / force meter.
Jodie notices that her cat is not eating her food. Use the scientific method in order to figure out why (you can make up your own results).
Any correct response that makes sense; ensuring that: the question, hypothesis, experiment, results, and conclusion are presented in order.
What gas goes from the blood to the lungs? Where does this gas come from?
Carbon Dioxide. Made by respiration inside cells.
More oxygen needs to be delivered to cells for more energy. So blood has to be pumped faster as RBCs in blood carry oxygen.
State the two main types of joints. Fixed and _________. What are the subtypes and examples of each.
Flexible joints.
Made up of hinge, ball and socket, & pivot joints.
Hinge: elbow / knee
Ball and socket: shoulder / hips
Pivot: neck
What do our muscles do to lift our lower arm?
What do our muscles do to lower our lower arm?
Lift:
Biceps contract; triceps relax
Lower:
Triceps contract; biceps relax