Revolution Basics
Years of the Mexican Revolution
What is 1910-1920
The image used throughout The Gift of Skeletons to represent death
What are skeletons?
A system of communal land tenure in Mexico where the federal government owns the land, and local community members hold rights to farm, manage, and use it.
What is an ejido?
Mexican call for independence.
One possible goal of a revolution
What is to change the social order?
President/Dictator who ruled Mexico from 1976 until his overthrow in 1911
Who is Porfirio Diaz?
In The Gift of Skeletons, the skeletons of kings, presidents, and ordinary soldiers suggest this.
Death makes people equal regardless of social rank
Economic and social system of large rural landed estates driven by agricultural production, mining, or livestock and bound together by forced or debt-ridden labor
What is the hacienda system?
Women's accounts reveal this about the war.
What is that war affects families and civilians, not just soldiers?
The revolution did not do this.
What is end all suffering immediately?
The politician who called for an armed rebellion after Diaz arrested him and moved to manipulate the election.
Who is Francisco I. Madero?
The Porfiriato failed to completely suppress this kind of popular culture
What is satirical poetry and political art?
Access to land was important to rural communities for this reason.
What is that land supported livelihoods and community survival?
New president Madero believed restoring peace should take priority over this.
What are economic reforms?
The revolution continued after Diaz was overthrown, partially for these reasons.
What is because people's demands for land, safety, and justice remained unresolved?
This was the main goal of the Mexican revolution
What is to change Mexico's government and society?
This artist was known for popular prints featuring calaveras.
Who is José Guadalupe Posada?
This intellectual, politician, and lawyer was an influential advisor during the revolution and a leading advocate for land reform and social justice.
Who is Luis Cabrera?
Revolutionary leader who fought for the land rights of peasants.
Who is Emiliano Zapata?
Ordinary people fought for justice but still experienced violence, hunger, and loss of loved ones, which complicates this idea.
What is that revolution brings justice?
Because of this, the revolution was not a clear-cut struggle to simply replace a leader.
What is the conflict among diverse groups with competing goals?
Besides mocking elites, this social concern appears in the final verses of The Gift of Skeletons.
What is the suffering of children, the sick, and prisoners?
Returning and fairly dividing up land could be difficult for this reason.
What are land disputes & legal arrangements?
This group was most disadvantaged by the revolution's conflict of ideals.
Who are poor people?
Based on the readings, did the revolution create a fairer society?
What is yes or no?